Anne Bradstreets Puritan Viewpoint in Her Poetry Essay

Anne Bradstreet’s poetry resembles a quiet pond. Her quiet puritan thinking acts as the calm surface that bears a resemblance to her natural values and religious beliefs. Underneath the pond there is an abundance of activity comparable to her becoming the first notable poet in American Literature. Anne Bradstreet did not obtain the first notable poet’s title very easily; she endured sickness, lack of food, and primitive living conditions during her time in the New World. Despite these misfortunes she used her emotions and strong educational background to write extraordinarily well for a woman in that time. In all of Bradstreet’s works she is constantly expressing herself through her figurative language that whoever reads the poetry†¦show more content†¦Taking a closer look at the piece one can pick out that these three lines could be a hyperbole. As a puritan Bradstreet had no use for mines of gold or riches, so in fact this is an obvious exaggeration. Another poem titled â€Å"The Author to Her Book† gives the reader the image of a baby being born. Bradstreet critics her works again and again seemingly portraying her works are not good enough. She refers to the â€Å"child† having blemishes and crippling handicaps that represents the deep faults and shortcomings in her work. Washing the child, rubbing off a blemish, and stretching its joints but failing to improve his imperfections all contribute to an image of Bradstreet rewriting her book. Dreadfully trying to increase the quality and standards in her work, the more imperfections she found. Towards the end of the poem Bradstreet talks about how she would give her ugly â€Å"child† new clothes and it just appears that her real life actions contradict her poem. She is actually very poor in life and could not afford new clothes thus sending her children away from the house. Anne Bradstreet’s first collections of poems are titled â€Å"The Tenth Museâ⠂¬  referring to the mythological Greek goddesses who inspires mortals in specific art. It is clear to see that Annes faith remained strong during her hardships, and so was her love for children and her husband. A Puritan in thought and lifestyle but also a woman, herShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Anne Bradstreet s Writing1105 Words   |  5 PagesAnne Bradstreet is a poet of the seventeenth century who has an extremely solid Puritan voice. The Puritans were an assembly of English Protestants that formed in the sixteenth century. The Puritans wanted to purify the church by following powerful, strict religious philosophies which later on earned them the name Puritans. They assumed that they were God’s chosen people and that they are an admirable example for the rest of the world, attempting to create a model for America. Bradstreet is one ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Anne Bradstreet : The Voice Of Puritan Poetry871 Words   |  4 Pages In the 17th century, Puritan literary works were biased because of it’s purpose it has on moral instruction. Anne Bradstreet found a way of encountering her personal feelings into moralistic poetry. Therefore, Anne was the voice of Puritan faith. She often conflicted her faith, personal experiences and perceptions. In, Norms and Criticism in Anne Bradstreets poetry, the author, Misty Jones, states, Bradstreets writing depicts and respects Puritan standards but also includes discussions ofRead MoreElizabeth Fuller And Anne Bradstreet1235 Words   |  5 Pagesthey’ve overcome in a male dominated literary career. Despite the two-hundred-year gap between the lives of Margaret Fuller and Anne Bradstreet, they both face issues regarding the static stereotype that women are literarily inferior and subservient handmaids to men. During the seventeenth century, when Puritan society had migrated to what is now Massachusetts, Puritans were proud of the patriarchal society they established; they believed themselves to be â€Å"Old Testament patriarchs (Westerkamp 573)Read MoreEarly American Literature Vs Modern United States1538 Words   |  7 PagesAnglo-Saxton Puritans. Once the text was read, it started to make more sense to me about the way of puritan life; as well as being more relevant on the views of America. The Puritan way of life was a man’s world. Women had separate roles in Puritan society; women served as secondary subjects their husbands. The roles were limited only to mothering and controlling household functions. Women were only able to read scriptures from the bible not publicly allowed to interpret them; although Anne BradstreetRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesproducts and services is becoming an enormously powerful influence on the continuing strength of customer spending, especially when times are tight. Study of the current economy indicates that when today’s consumer is completely satisfied with his or her product or service purchase, he or she tells six other potential buyers. In contrast, a dissatisfied consumer informs 25 other potential buyers. That is the leverage of quality in shaping consumer sentiment, which is vital in powering the two-thirds

Ending the Death Penalty - 960 Words

Imagine that you are in court to support a loved one falsely convicted of a capital offense. Against the well-prepared prosecutor, the chances of not being sentenced to death are looking slim. As the judge bangs the gavel, sealing his fate, you know he is innocent but there is nothing you can do about it. In just a few weeks, the cyanide laced air in his chamber will suffocate his breath, burn his lungs, and force him to close his eyes forever in repent for a crime he never committed. The death penalty is an issue in the United States that has left the country divided. Even though there are many supporters, there is also a substantial amount of opposers. The death penalty system should be removed from practice in all fifty states in the U.S. because it raises financial costs for the country, fails to deter crime, and hurts families and loved ones. A reason why the death penalty should be removed is because the punishment raises financial costs for the country, especially for the taxp ayers. Do you know how much it costs to execute one person? According to a recent estimate, the amount for one death penalty case is approximately two million dollars, which is more than five times the cost of a comparable non-death penalty case. Furthermore, the financial cost to taxpayers of capital punishment is 2-5 times that of keeping the person in jail for life. Many people feel that keeping the person in jail for life would be a more effective approach to crime-solving than the deathShow MoreRelatedNever-ending Battle Over the Death Penalty Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesThe death penalty is a topic that has been around for years that deals with ethics, a set of moral principles or values. This issue has been constantly filled with people’s emotions, attitudes, and their beliefs from all walks of life. There are people in favor of the death penalty while others will argue against it. No matter how the world changes there will never be a final argument or resolution t o the understanding, acknowledgement, or ending to the rights or wrongs of the death penalty. Read MoreBanning the Death Penalty1620 Words   |  6 PagesShould the death penalty be banned internationally as a type of punishment? This form of punishment has been quite a controversial issue worldwide for quite a few years. The death penalty for hundreds of thousands of years has been a punishment for criminals throughout the world; in the past ranging from what we would now consider small crimes to huge ones, to the present where most if not all those punished with death penalty are for fairly large crimes. Actual laws involving death penalty is knownRead MoreThe Death Penalty Essay889 Words   |  4 PagesIs the death penalty really a rational and effective way to respond to the crimes of certain prisoners? Thirty one percent of society believes we should not keep the death penalty, while others believe that the death penalty doesn’t really keep crime from happening. Of the thirty one percent, many believe that executing offenders of the law only runs away from the issue at hand. Also, if society thinks about it, ending the penalty would cost less both physically and mentally. Lastly, abolishmentRead MoreEssay on Capital Punishment Must Be Put To Death1712 Words   |  7 Pagespunishment, better known as the death penalty, has been around for centuries. Like all elements of modern society, the death penalty has evolved over the course of many years. Initially, the death penalty was administered by a royal court or monarchy through brutal stoning. Since then, the guillotine, noose, electric chair, and [currently] lethal injection have all been tools created to administer the death penalty here in the United States. Before the act of actually ending the criminal’s life is performedRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of The Death Penalty844 Words   |  4 PagesMany people argue that the death penalty is justified because it is a fair and equal punishment for the crimes committed and that the murdered should receive fair and equal punishment in order to have justice. It is often assumed that murders should be punished by death, but isn’t it true that ending or killing anyone is morally wrong? In this counter argument I will argue that nobody has the right to take anybodys life no matter what and if murderers deserve to die, the state does not have theRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal958 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough most people have debated that giving someone the death penalty seems inhumane closer examination shows that the death pen alty might be just what the society needs to protect their family members and loved ones. The controversial issue regarding the death penalty has been around for hundreds of years. Humans always have to take a side in whether they take this issue as ethical or inhumane to take away the life of someone that could be just like us. Taking away the life of an innocent seemsRead MoreThe Right to Life869 Words   |  3 Pagesare a number of situations where states may take away from people of life itself and to which international human rights law does not raise an objection. The use of the death penalty is one such example. Human rights law does not prohibit the use of the death penalty as a punishment for crimes but does encourage its permanent ending and try to limit its use. The use of violence in self-defence lies at the base of other (good reasons for: thinking or doing something, or for the existence of something)Read MoreThe Death Penalty Is Right Or Wrong981 Words   |  4 Pag esMany people question whether the death penalty is right or wrong. Issues regarding the possibility of putting an innocent man to death based on faulty investigative work and a flawed legal system are often explored. References to the concept of lex talionis are made, wondering why rapists are not raped and sadists are not beaten in a legal system that kills killers. A killer takes another s life, liberty, or chance at happiness? Is it wrong to take the same from them? How can taking a life for aRead MoreThe Lord Of The Rings905 Words   |  4 PagesMany that live deserve death. And some that die deserve life. Can you give it to them? Then do not be so eager to deal out death in judgment. - Gandalf, in the Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, by J.R.R. Tolkien. Many people question whether the death penalty is right or wrong. Issues regarding the possibility of putting an innocent person to death based on faulty investigative work and a flawed legal system are often explored. References to the concept of lex talionis are made, wonderingRead MorePersuasive Speech Outline Essay1164 Words   |  5 Pagesthat it should be abolished. Central Idea: Homicide rates are lower in non-death penalty states when compared to states with the death penalty. Main Points: I. The death penalty has no deterrent effect. II. The costs of administrating capital punishment are prohibitive. III. States with the death penalty have higher murder rates than those without it. Question of Policy: Should the Death Penalty be abolished? Attention Getter: Attention Getter: Is it moral? Is it an efficient

Strategic Alignment and New Product Development Kaffel Ltd

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Alignment and New Product Development for Kaffel Ltd? Answer: Introduction Kaffel Ltd, an office furniture provider, which is too much engaged with quality improvement of their products through the enhancement of production unit. Recently, this organization has become sales oriented and has increased the number of stores to increase direct sales. Previously, this organization was dealing with B2B sales of their furniture products and their clients were mainly the corporate sectors. At present, the organization has thought of increasing their sales to direct customers and therefore it requires new marketing executive, as it does not have any proper structure and information of marketing. The organization does not have any idea of marketing and sales and therefore, the marketing executive will help the organization to build up the sales in future. Elements of Marketing Process The major elements of marketing process are given below. Environment Scanning The first approach that an organization has to take for its sales expansion is environment scanning (Dholakia 2015). Environmental scanning includes both macro and microenvironment scanning. According to French (2015), in macro environment, broader aspects of environment are considered such as organizational competitors, customers, political environment, society, community, and economical factors. On the other hand, Jarvinen and Taiminen (2015) pointed out that in microenvironment, organizations internal potentialities are considered such as financial factors, investors, suppliers, directors capability, shareholders and other operational units. With the environment scanning, an organization is able to identify its weakness and strengths and identify potential opportunities that will be helpful for its growth. Marketing Strategy Environmental scanning is followed by segmentation, targeting and positioning (STP). This procedure helps an organization to identify the types of consumers present in the society who will be satisfied by its products (French 2015). Therefore, the complete prospective customer base is segregated into several segments according to psychographic and demographic factors. After segmentation, targeting the segments is considered, which identifies the ways by which disintegrated customer segments can be targeted. Finally, positioning is the method by which an organization is able to reach out its consumers. Positioning defines the way by which an organization selects the appropriate location through which the products can be sold (Lagarde 2015). Marketing Tactics After the target market is established, marketing mix is considered, which is a more prcised method of marketing (O'Shaughnessy 2015). Therefore, four elements are considered in marketing mix, which are product, price, place and promotion. In product factor, the designing and features of the product is selected. In price factor, pricing strategy is identified such as price penetrating or price skimming, over which the revenue is determined by the organization. In place factor, appropriate location is selected where maximum sales will take place and finally, promotion factor will determine the approaches that will be effective for the sales of particular product such as online discount coupons (Solomon 2014). Monitoring and Control After the marketing strategies are successfully implemented, organizations need to monitor and control the business flow according to the strategies so that business process is not deviated (Hollensen 2015). Several surveys and reports are required to be generated so that business is controlled in future and projected outcome satisfies the organization. Figure 1: Marketing process elements (Source: Papadopoulos and Heslop 2014) Benefits and costs Responsiveness, constant improvement and costs are the three pillars (Blank 2013), which will help Kaffel Ltd. to grow its business. Through responsiveness, Kaffel Ltd. will be able to orient its business and will be able to stay ahead of the competitors. This will help the organization to form the products that will not only satisfy customer demand but also produce products in timely manner. Kaffel Ltd. will need to enhance its business by constant improvement, which will be promoted by culture of experimentation. The organization will need to improve and explore products and services to adapt to future and current needs of the customers. Finally, costs consist of significant improvement by collecting database and customer data analyzing. Kaffel Ltd. will require constant product modification so that ongoing investment in product iterations and new equipment is followed in future. Environmental Analysis Macro Environmental Analysis PESTLE Analysis Politics Kaffel Ltd. needs to identify the present political scenario of the locality where the sales will be initiated, from where it will be able to understand the business feasibility Economic Nations economy, per capita income and inflation will impact the pricing strategy and sales enhancement of the organization Social Organization needs to identify the communities surrounding the market and how much the society can impact on sales enhancement as intercommunity persuasion hampers the buying behavior of consumers Technology Technological aspects such as influence of digital media and communication technique with consumers will determine the business progress in a more efficient way Legal The organization needs to fulfill the manufacturing legalities and compliance from government so that it gets the license of B2C sales Environment Eco-friendly manufacturing technique and packaging has to be oriented so that least impact on the environment is sustained Table 1: PESTLE Analysis (Source: Galician 2013) Micro Environmental Analysis Company Kaffel Ltd. is trying to expand its sales by starting B2C sales through direct marketing. Therefore, the organization has to develop the structured marketing department. This will consist of marketing executive, sales executive, store managers, lead creators, customer service department and data analysts (Bendoly, Bharadwaj and Bharadwaj 2012). Therefore, Kaffel Ltd. needs to increase the number of employees in sales department. Suppliers The number of suppliers is limited for the organization at present as only similar types of corporate sector products are sold in the market. Therefore, the number of suppliers has to be increased and even the relationship with them has to be sustained over years so that enough discounts are received (Stark 2015). This will reduce the price of furniture than its competitors resulting in more sales. Intermediates For an organization that is increasing its product portfolio, needs to increase the number of market intermediaries, which will lead to maximum sales (Boone and Kurtz 2013). Kaffel Ltd. needs to follow the chain of wholesalers, retailers and even online sales intermediaries. Finally, feedback has to be achieved from the intermediaries. Customers A huge range of customer of Kaffel Ltd. is at present available for B2B sales. The clients are mostly covering office sectors. With the increase in products for direct casual consumers, target market has to be set up by the organization where new consumer base will include household sector (Slater, Mohr and Sengupta 2014). Competitors With product diversification, substitute products from competitors affect the sales. Thus, Kaffel Ltd. needs to set a benchmark of the top competitor in the market and adopt sales strategy to enhance sales. Investors For growth of business, financial support is required, which will be entrusted by investors. Clear idea of objective and return on investment has to be declared to the investors so that they will get the motive of investment, which will in turn support the creation of budget (Christopher, Payne and Ballantyne 2013). Figure 2: Microenvironment Analysis (Source: Yadav and Pavlou 2014) STP Analysis According to Morgan (2012), in segmentation, organization needs to identify the types of segments available in the society such as psychographic and demographic factors. After selecting segments, appropriate target customers are to be selected from the communities by integrating parts of segments. Finally, positioning is the way by which products are placed in the market so that consumers are instantly attracted. Kaffel Ltd. needs to identify the consumer segments and finally place their products. B2B and B2C STP Analysis Segmentation B2B Office sectors In-house organizations Manufacturing based organizations B2C Monthly Income level from $168 to $ 1667 Both male and female gender Age group from 5 to 90 Education level from low to high Targeting B2B IT organization BPOs and KPOs Consultancy firms Clinics Seminar halls B2C Casual consumers Household sector Premium lifestyle consumers Frequent travelers Positioning B2B Direct call Leaflets Hoardings and banners B2C Online sales Supermalls Retail stores Table 2: STP Analysis for Kaffel Ltd (Source: Author) Buying behavior Concept For new products in the market, sales will gradually increase, as consumers will initially taste the items with respect to price and quality and finally if they are satisfied, sales will be increased (Yannopoulos, Auh and Menguc 2012). Thus, the organization needs to keep the price lower and achieve more market intermediaries. Consumer buying behavior is the total of consumer intention, attitude, behavior and decisions. Buying intention can be raised by advertisements and product awareness, which will increase the positive attitude of consumers to buy the product (Lovelock, Patterson and Wirtz 2014). Finally, consumers will take the decision in buying the product if they feel that the product satisfies their needs. Moreover, buying behavior is satisfied by similar needs among the communities and even word of mouth. Thus, for Kaffel Ltd, price has to be kept lower and more advertisements are to be initiated so that sales are enhanced. Marketing Mix Product According to Morgan, Katsikeas and Vorhies (2012), product is the initial element of marketing mix. The features of the product are selected and new diversification factors are added to the product. The designing and unique factors of a product are identified, which will be different from the competitors. The product categories and the number of diversification ranges are identified, after which pricing element is considered. Therefore, Kaffel Ltd. needs to diversify its products in both B2B and B2C categories. For B2C consumers, the classified product categories need to be increased in volume, which are having more than three features on one product, so that price factor is justified for direct consumers. Price According to Cui, Lui and Guo (2012), price of a product can be only determined according to the features and quality of the designed product. On the other hand, Bharadwaj et al. (2013) pointed out that pricing completely depends on available competitors in the market. Acur, Kandemir and Boer (2012) pointed out that price penetration and price-skimming strategies will help in achieving required revenues for an organization for a certain period. Therefore, the organization needs to follow competitive pricing strategy for B2B products and price penetration strategy for B2C products. In this way, the organization can achieve more unit sales, and thereby increase brand awareness. Place According to Kozlenkova, Samaha and Palmatier (2014), right location selection will catch the maximum amount of consumer. Sales can be increased only when consumer gets to know about the existence of the product and after that, they will match the preference with the features of the product. Locations such as supermarket, e-commerce, official website and retail stores attract the consumers. The distribution strategy for the organization will include both lead generation and personalized selling for B2C clients and retail chain for B2C consumers, which will involve all the market intermediaries. Promotion According to Perreault Jr, Cannon and McCarthy (2013), online sales promotion is the best way to reduce the cost of advertisement and achieve maximum consumer attraction. On the other hand, Eggert, Thiesbrummel and Deutscher (2015) pointed out that newspapers, commercials and banners help in getting the maximum response from consumers. Thus, the main motive of promotional activities is to reach out to maximum consumers. Promotional strategy for Kaffel Ltd. will include social media platform, which will include discounts, coupons and flash sale for B2C consumers and for B2B consumers, discounts will be awarded in bulk orders. Additional Elements The additional elements of the marketing mix are process, physical evidence and people, among which people selection is the most important. People include directors, consumers, financial heads and other stakeholders. Morgan (2012) opined that process would include operational changes and changes in production lines for designing of new products. For Kaffel Ltd. the physical evidence factor will include virtual representation of product in the official website, which will attract all types of consumers. The people will include top executives such as directors and customer service as well as lead generators. Consumers and investors are the vital stakeholders for Kaffel Ltd. Figure 3: Marketing Mix Elements (Source: Boone and Kurtz 2013) Marketing Mix for B2C (Economic Range) Product Kaffel Ltd. needs to increase the number of products and therefore has to follow product diversification strategy. Organization has many office furniture products but for each of the target markets, new product category has to be created. Range of products must include hybrid categories. Many customizable furniture products are available in the market (Stark 2015), and thus, the organization needs to design such products that have integrated electrical flexibility such as bed with lighting facility, sofa with sensor technology that will indicate the weight of the user. Moreover, hundred percent recyclable seats and single seat gliders need to be included. For household consumers, certain beds, which can be folded and adjusted in limited space, have to be designed. Such beds will be for frequent travelers. Price An organization that is expanding needs to limit the price so that consumers can taste the products quality (Christopher, Payne and Ballantyne 2013). It is very sure that consumers love to experience quality and can compromise price and therefore it is an opportunity for the organization to include premium pricing. Still Kaffel needs to follow price penetration strategy for the first year so that it can catch hold of the market. Amount of risk will be less if price is lowered, which will help in achieving consumer attraction, and according to demand, new products can be designed. Place/Distribution For Kaffel, distribution strategy is the main element of marketing mix. Initially the organization had a good response from business sectors and therefore bulk sale used to happen. For an organization that shifts its target market, needs to increase the unit sales of each of the product category so that market attention is achieved from all sectors (Acur, Kandemir and Boer 2012). This can be only initiated by increasing distribution channel. The best option is to increase franchise and new contracts with the retail sector as market intermediaries will be reduced leading to price reduction. Moreover, online sales using e-commerce and websites will help in showing the feedback, demand and preference of consumers in future. Promotion For introduction of new products in the market, promotional activities will help in achieving highest consumer attraction (Gmelin and Seuring 2014). Promotional activities will include discounts and sales for B2C consumers through social media sites. This will reduce the cost of sales and all target consumers can access simultaneously same product information. Thus, the promotional activities will include social media marketing, discounts and coupons through own website, and marketing agency compliance. Additional Elements Three additional elements of marketing mix are process, people and physical evidence. Process element will include the designing of new furniture. Kaffel will require batch processing with the increase in demand. The key people of the organization will include board of directors, marketing executive, sales managers, financial accountant, store manager, customer service executive, operational manager and human resource manager. Physical evidence will be created by the organization in terms of design and reliability. Virtual representation of the products will need to be included in the websites, which will enhance consumer attraction. Figure 4: Marketing Mix Elements (Source: Author) Marketing Mix for B2B (Premium Range) Product The furniture products were already present in the market and therefore, the organization needs to include new customized products. As described in the economy class, hybrid products needs to be included, therefore price of the products are comparatively lower. In case of B2B sales, the quality factor has to be maintained and therefore, customized furniture will include sofa, chairs, tables, seminar room furniture, design furniture. Hybrid chairs with accurate fusion between ergonomics standards and aesthetics for corporate sectors has to be included. Moreover, for product diversification, sales manager has to visit the offices so identify the most required furniture that will both fit the structures and room capacity, giving a royal feeling. Price The price of the premium products will be relative higher than the economy class. The pricing strategy will include competitive pricing. Moreover, for customized service the price will be based on the clients requirement. In this way, the organization will be able to maintain a good relationship with its clients. On the other hand, the bulk furniture such as cabins, tables, chairs and related designs will be supplied in bulk. The price of such products will be less than the competitors as bulk order will be initiated. Promotion Promotion strategies will include lead generation through contracts. The sales person will have the best knowledge of discounts. Direct mails will be dropped to the existing and new prospective clients who are new in the corporate sectors. Aggressive promotion will not be required. Place The products will be generally placed in the corporate sectors. There are a lot of buildings that gives rent to corporate offices. These promoters will be approached with lucrative offers and new contracts will be generated. Moreover, the own website is the ultimate destination, where an album will be created through which the client-organization will be able to view the virtual images of the products. Additional Elements The process will include line production and order based operation. The people will include corporate clients, investors, suppliers, promoters, contractors, operational manager, sales manager and marketing executive. Physical evidence will be ensured by giving the view of products from the official websites. Conclusion Kaffel Ltd. initially was having just the B2B business and with the help of new marketing strategies, the organization will be surely able to increase the sales in B2C department. Thus, it can be identified that there are a lot of differences in between the two target segments. In B2B business, the amount of sakes was limited as the only target customer was corporate sector. With the B2C business, more consumer segments such as casual consumers, frequent travelers, household consumers and even consumers of lowest income will be able to buy the products. The pricing strategy was initially competitive and thus premium products were the only range of products. With the B2C business, both premium and non-premium products can be sold. Thus, the amount of sales will be increased. Moreover, as the organization will follow demand-oriented production, hence the amount of risk will be low. It must also be said that the organizations brand awareness will increase with the increase in unit sales . Therefore, this organization will surely stand out as the prominent player in the market leading to new competition. International market is quite different from domestic market as the range of consumers and their preference are quite different from domestic market. This is an opportunity for the organization as it will be able to expand its product diversification even further in future. Moreover, with expanded sales, the organization will be able to change the pricing strategy in future and compete with new markets. Brand awareness and success from domestic market will create a scope of product sales in international market and therefore, Kaffel Ltd. will be able to expand its business even further in future. Reference List Acur, N., Kandemir, D. and Boer, H., 2012. Strategic alignment and new product development: drivers and performance effects.Journal of Product Innovation Management,29(2), pp.304-318. Bendoly, E., Bharadwaj, A. and Bharadwaj, S., 2012. Complementary Drivers of New Product Development Performance: Crossà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Functional Coordination, Information System Capability, and Intelligence Quality.Production and Operations Management,21(4), pp.653-667. Bharadwaj, A., El Sawy, O.A., Pavlou, P.A. and Venkatraman, N., 2013. Digital business strategy: toward a next generation of insights.Mis Quarterly,37(2), pp.471-482. Blank, S., 2013. Why the lean start-up changes everything.Harvard Business Review,91(5), pp.63-72. Boone, L. and Kurtz, D., 2013.Contemporary marketing. Cengage Learning. Christopher, M., Payne, A. and Ballantyne, D., 2013.Relationship marketing. Taylor Francis. Cui, G., Lui, H.K. and Guo, X., 2012. The effect of online consumer reviews on new product sales.International Journal of Electronic Commerce,17(1), pp.39-58. Dholakia, N., 2015. Marketing as mystification.Marketing Theory. Eggert, A., Thiesbrummel, C. and Deutscher, C., 2015. 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The Canadian Social Marketing Story.Social Marketing Quarterly, 21(4), pp.194-199. Lovelock, C., Patterson, P.G. and Wirtz, J., 2014.Services marketing. Pearson Australia. Morgan, N.A., 2012. Marketing and business performance.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,40(1), pp.102-119. Morgan, N.A., Katsikeas, C.S. and Vorhies, D.W., 2012. Export marketing strategy implementation, export marketing capabilities, and export venture performance.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,40(2), pp.271-289. O'Shaughnessy, J., 2015. Note on the marginalizing of psychoanalysis in marketing.Marketing Theory, 15(1), pp.17-19. Papadopoulos, N. and Heslop, L.A., 2014.Product-country images: Impact and role in international marketing. Routledge. Perreault Jr, W.D., Cannon, J.P. and McCarthy, E.J., 2013. BASIC MARKETING: A Marketing Strategy Planning Approach,-19/E. Slater, S.F., Mohr, J.J. and Sengupta, S., 2014. Radical product innovation capability: Literature review, synthesis, and illustrative research propositions.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(3), pp.552-566. Solomon, M.R., 2014.Consumer behavior: buying, having, and being. Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Stark, J., 2015.Product lifecycle management(pp. 1-29). Springer International Publishing. Yadav, M.S. and Pavlou, P.A., 2014. Marketing in computer-mediated environments: Research synthesis and new directions.Journal of Marketing,78(1), pp.20-40. Yannopoulos, P., Auh, S. and Menguc, B., 2012. Achieving fit between learning and market orientation: Implications for new product performance.Journal of Product Innovation Management,29(4), pp.531-545.

The Whiskey Rebellion free essay sample

Thomas Slaughters thirteen- chapter chronicle of this event in American history takes great steps toward correcting that oversight. The Whiskey Rebellion was a violent uprising against an excise tax placed on liquor, much like the tax revolt against the Stamp Act that ignited the American Revolution. Of course, the Whiskey rebels saw themselves as upholding the spirit of the Revolution and believed that the politicians in the federal government had forsaken those principles for the quest of personal gain. Slaughter does an outstanding job of telling each side of the story without retorting a strong bias toward either.He paints the rebellion as a massive communication failure between all involved. The conflict illustrated a deep divide between the eastern and the western regions of the country, setting urban interests against rural interests, localism philosophy against nationalist beliefs, and all of the disparities that are inherent among different social and economic classes. We will write a custom essay sample on The Whiskey Rebellion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The author describes the federal government and its supporters as having generally shared a Hobnails-type fear of anarchy as the starting point for their consideration of contemporary politics, while he says that the WhiskeyRebels and their friends took a more Logician-type stance, believing that protection of liberty, not the maintenance of order, was the principal task of government. The federal government emphasized the power of the Constitution, while the Whiskey Rebels emphasized the much more radical Declaration of Independence. The Whiskey Rebellion was a turning point in Americas history that demonstrated the central governments willingness and ability to enforce its laws in spite of the obstacle of distance from Its center of power.Slaughter divides The Whiskey Rebellion into three principal sections entitled Context, Chronology, and Consequence. The first section begins with a comprehensive assessment of the anti-excise tradition which follows late seventeenth-century Bri tish philosophy and traces its progression from Walpole excise battle in 1733, through the Stamp Act crisis of 1 764 and on through the Anti-Federalist account of the tax provisions of the Constitution of 1787.In the second section, Slaughter details the debate over the excise, its implementation and the outbreak of both peaceful and violent opposition to it; opposition that occurred not only in Pennsylvania but along the entire reorient. In his final section, and with a trace of personal bias, Slaughter describes the outbreak of violence in the summer of 1 794 for which he holds John Manville largely accountable. Slaughter continues in the final section with Hamilton and Washington deciding to make an example of western Pennsylvania despite the fact that the excise had gone uncollected all along the frontier, and the Watermelon Army fiasco which the Federalists claimed as a victory. Slaughter concludes that, above all else, Federalist policy had deeply divided the country and contributed as much as any single event to he birth of the Republican and Federalist parties in the years following 1794. Slaughter has organized his story in a knowledgeable and logical manner, his account is skillful and vivid and he offers his readers fascinating details and insights. Even so, the read was occasionally monotonous and I did discover my mind wandering at points requiring certain passages to be re- read in an attempt to fully appreciate the events being portrayed by the author. The use of maps or graphs could have proven extremely useful here in better illuminating the chronological and geographical cont ext of these events. Slaughter provides to the reader neither Of these graphic aids in The Whiskey Rebellion.Despite the sometimes uninteresting story line (real life events can prove difficult to illustrate otherwise), the book is well documented and presents a realistic depiction of the life of the frontiersmen and how they viewed the oppression of the Easterners. Slaughter also balances the view of the Easterners toward their perceptions and interpretations of the actions of the frontiersmen. The Whiskey Rebellion offers an exceptionally balanced view of the events that took place two hundred years ago on the western Pennsylvania frontier in, for the most part, a very readable form.Slaughter always manages to give both sides to each issue and interprets the events accordingly. One final compliment to the author and to the book is that I truly appreciated the stories that began each chapter. These real life events painted a vivid picture of life as it was on the frontier and served as great introductions to each new section. The Whiskey Rebellion offers a broad and comprehensive account of the struggle over the whiskey excise while taking into account the political, social and intellectual contexts of the time.

People for companionship Essays

People for companionship Essays People for companionship Paper People for companionship Paper By the time we meet Stephano and Trinculo we see a new side of Caliban. In the scene when we first see them we realise that they are in fact drunkard fools. We first think that Caliban is very gullible as he starts to worship Stephano and swears to kiss thy foot. This shows his absolute devotion to people. Some might say that he is dependant on others, yet I disagree. I feel that he is capable of being independent, in spite of that he prefers to be around other people for companionship, as he gets lonely. His kindness is also shown as he says to Stephano: Ill show thee the best spring. Ill pluck thee berries.  Ill fish for thee and get thee wood enough.  A plague upon the tyrant that I serve;  Ill bear him no more sticks, but follow thee,  Thou wondrous man. (II, ii, 161-165)  This speech shows that what he did when Prospero came to the island was not a one off incident for Caliban to do. In these lines he talks about showing Stephano where the best springs are and about fetching wood. This is very kind as often even tamed human beings arent this kind. At this point the audience start to like Caliban. However during this quote we realise how intelligent Caliban actually is:  The dropsy drown this fool. What do you mean  To dote on thus luggage? Lett alone,  And do the murder first. If he awake,  From toe to crown hell fill our skin with pinches,  Make us strange stuff. (IV, i, 229-233)  This is taken from the part of the play when Caliban, Stephano and Trinculo are going to murder Prospero. This shows Calibans intelligence as in the cave he is not fooled by the rich garments and senses that they are a trick. This shows his intelligence is above Stephanos and Trinculos as they are fooled by the clothing. This makes the audience actually start to respect Caliban. We also see his intelligence when he feel that to kill Prospero they must obtain his books as with them he is a threat and without them he is not. From the lines at the top of this essay (A devil..never stick[IV, i, 189-190]) we can really understand one of the plays main themes. This is of course the nature/nurture argument. This is based on the fact that even though Prospero has supposedly tamed Caliban he feels that he has been unsuccessful. He feels this as Caliban really still relies on his natural instincts, even though he has supposedly been nurtured. Prospero feels that this is bad and that to be considered good and liked by people you must have been nurtured. You can however argue that even though Caliban relies on his natural instincts he is infact better than Antonio. This is true as Antonio is planning to kill Alonso and he has already overthrown Prospero and basically left him for dead. These deeds have all been achieved by planning and scheming, and not by natural instincts like all of Calibans deeds have been. This was an argument that was being debated at the time of the play and most people at that time thought that nurture was better than nature. I feel that Shakespeare felt the opposite way about this argument and by doing this play he was showing a new side to the argument. In the closing stages of the play Caliban realises that Stephano and Trinculo are not worthy of worship as at the end he says:  What a trice double ass  Was I to take this drunkard for a god,  And worship this dull fool. (V, i, 295-297)  After this Caliban is set free. This is lucky for him, as Prospero has mistreated him for a very long time. You also could argue that it was to avoid trouble that Caliban apologised, however this is unlikely as I feel that Caliban is a kind creature that is misunderstood. I think that Shakespeare wanted us to like him too; and for his audience at the time, he wanted them to realise their prejudice against people that looked unusual or different and change their views. Therefore Shakespeare didnt want us to have the same opinion of Caliban as Prospero.

5 Resume Tips to Guarantee an Interview

5 Resume Tips to Guarantee an Interview You’ve sent out countless resumes and pored over endless classified job ads, but you still don’t have a bite on an interview. What are you doing wrong? The following tips can help you improve your resume  so it gets noticed by the hiring manager and can practically guarantee an interview. Instead of moping or thinking of planting a vegetable garden for sustenance, give it a try, and you may be pleasantly surprised by the results. We have also compiled a list of best resume tips in 2016 to help you land that interview. 1. Make Your Language  CompellingUse the first few seconds it takes to read your resume to present a compelling statement about why you are perfect for the job. That doesn’t mean you need to be able to write like a famous author with a bestseller. Use spare language and detail to explain what you can do to benefit the company. Write the reasons why you were essential in your former job. Connect your old job to the new job by using parallels to s how how you would be a valuable asset to the company.2. Include Relevant KeywordsUse the job description to find relevant keywords  (those words   special to the job classification), and place  them in your resume. Companies use specific keywords to help them find the right person for the job. A hiring manager or recruiter will be scanning resumes for these keywords to find potential candidates.For example, recruiters for administrative assistant jobs may look for words such as scheduling, record-keeping, or communication skills. If an employer uses a tracking system for applicants, keywords that appear near the top of a resume or more often get boosted up toward the top of the pile of applications. Also, use specific word groupings that appear in the job description. If the word used in the job description is record-keeping, use that term- not bookkeeping.3. Have a Good FlowA resume should be easily readable and have good flow- just like a good  story. Your story includes y our accomplishments, your creativeness and special abilities, where you worked, and how you benefited previous employers.4. Make It  Neat and ProfessionalA resume that uses a fancy font, curlicues, or little hearts will get zero attention from a hiring manager. This is not the place to present your creative talents, unless you are applying for a position as an artist or something similar. Leave out graphic elements except for bullet points. Underlining can make a hiring manager think you are including a hyperlink, so just leave it out.5. Use Line Spacing When NeededAlthough you want your resume to be in chronological order like a story, you don’t want it to look like the page out of an old history book. Resumes with too much information crammed onto one page are difficult to read, boring, and look like too much work to extract relevant data. Breaking your resume up with line spaces that are strategically placed can do wonders. It can also be helpful to use blocks of informa tion with spaces in between to make it easily scannable and readable. That way, the hiring manager will get a clear picture of your work and accomplishments. If you have so much to include in a resume that using a few line spaces isn’t possible, your resume is too long, and you need to start cutting.A resume that is well-written, neat and informative goes a long way toward getting you that important interview if you have the right job qualifications. Doing your job search through job ads is one way to hunt for that new position. TheJobNetwork expands on job hunting by doing your job search for you and sending you email alerts when positions fitting your qualifications come up. In this way, you are being proactive and are not going to miss out on any potential employers that might be right for you. After you list your job interests and qualifications, you can also search among our over 2 million job listings yourself. Sign up with TheJobNetwork to get started.

Illegal Immigration in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Illegal Immigration in America - Essay Example Therefore, this problem has not started in recent years. It has been there over the centuries. America is referred to as a land of opportunities and because of its generosity to immigrants, more and more immigrants want to live and reap the American dream. However, the issue becomes a problem due to many illegal immigrants into the country who have no documentation on how they entered into the country (Hanson et al.). Illegal immigration to America is a complex issue due to several factors. There have been attempts to control the population of illegal immigrants in the country but still, no answer. The number of aliens residing in the US is not precisely known, hence it has been a problem determining how large and widespread the problem is. It becomes a challenge because we cannot determine where to start while we know nothing about their whereabouts (Haugen and Musser 2011). Therefore, the complexity of this issue is one that needs close supervision so as to come up with new ideas on how this issue can be solved because it has proved that it is a problem on the American economy and the contemporary society. On a sociological perspective, note that sociology is the study of social change, social life and the social causes and consequences of human behavior; illegal immigration is one of the ills of the society today. The population of illegal immigrants grows over 500,000 people every year, which is exploited by criminals involved in smuggling illegal documents as well as trafficking aliens into the US borders. Furthermore, these aliens drain social services because of the conditions they live in, work and thus it becomes hard for them to abide by the law. Thus, they are prevalent to become under class and more so the source of social conflicts (Hanson et al.). Employment opportunities have deteriorated over time, which affects American citizens due to illegal immigrants. These aliens have led to competition for the available jobs with the American

Petroleum Engineering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Petroleum Engineering - Essay Example The Kolga sands had been remobilized under the burial which led to sand fluidization and injection along weakness zones. On seismic sections, injection wings appeared cross cutting what surrounded seismic reflection, this was considered as an artifact. They launched the development of the Nini east field in 2009 with a drilling campaign which included two horizontal and one injection in Kolga sand. The main reason for using this kind of approach was to increase the percentage of horizontal section in pay while avoiding the sele shale and maintaining the oil water contact. They also decided that it was crucial to get a better handle on seismic data to plan for the two upcoming wells. The seismic data was processed and inverted to improve the imaging of the injectable sands The understanding of the reservoir and its heterogeneity was greatly improved with the use of the new generation deep directional electromagnetic tool which was the LWD and the new processing method. This tool was critical in refining the reservoir model and ultimately for the management of this field in the long

Federal Indian Policy Essay Example for Free

Federal Indian Policy Essay When the newly founded United States of America gained its independence from Britain, they were faced with many new challenges. One of their biggest challenges was establishing and building upon their own domain that Britain had transferred at the Peace Treaty of 1783. 1 Of course, this land was still inhabited by Indian peoples. The United States knew that territorial expansion was inevitable and to the Indians, this meant war. Creek chief Hallowing King said, â€Å"Our lands are our life and breath. If we part with them, we part with our blood. †2 This turned out to be a constant changing battle for territorial dominance and an era of changing federal Indian policy. The new America followed British ideas and created an Indian Department. This department established many rules for the sale and transfer of Indian lands with the hope of regulating the advancement of the western frontier. 3 In 1790, Congress enacted the Indian Trade and Intercourse Act. 4 Backed by President Washington and the Indian Department, this act stipulated that Congress would regulate all trade, interaction and even intercourse with all Native Americans. 5 Congress regulated this Act by issuing licenses to approved individuals. Failure to obey this law led to apprehension and a trail in court. 6 However, many American famers ignored this bill and would steal Indians to use as slaves. Naturally, the Indians fought back which led to bloody encounters. As Americans continued to ease westward, many battles and treaties began to emerge. The Battle of Fallen Timbers was one of the more popular encounters. The Western Lakes Confederacy which consisted of several numerous tribes had achieved major victories in the past. It was President Washington’s goal to put their victories to an end. 7 The Americans out-numbered the Indians and destroyed many villages in the region. This battle led to the form of many treaties like the Treaty of Greenville in 1795. This ended the Northwest Indian War which the Battle of Fallen Timbers was a part of. In exchange of goods valued at $20,000, the Indians turned over large parts of the modern-day area of Ohio. 8 This was a tremendous victory for the United States and it certainly gave them the momentum in establishing Indian policy and in the race for territorial expansion. However, the fight and establishment for federal Indian policy did not end in the Ohio Valley. The United States began to realize that the Indians and Americans would not be able to co-exist in the same eastern territory. President Thomas Jefferson began implementing the policy of â€Å"removing† Indians from their eastern homelands. The government decided they could go about this a few different ways. They could try to destroy the Indian peoples, assimilate them to American society, protect them on their ancestral lands or remove them to more distant, western lands. 9 It was Jefferson’s plan to use the process of dispossession with minimal government. This plan involved allowing American settlements to slowly border the Indians, either allowing them to become civilized Americans or letting them flee beyond the Mississippi with the hopes of establishing multiple treaties. 10 Well, that is exactly what happened. This strategy to acquire Indian lands resulted in nearly thirty treaties with several tribes and the cession of 200,000 square miles of Indian territory. 11 This Jeffersonian policy proved to be very effective for the young United States. The more â€Å"conservative† removal policies of the American government took a halt when Andrew Jackson was elected President in 1828. Jackson was a famous Indian fighter who was often referred to as very vocal on his Indian views. He regarded the Indians as inferior and even referred to them as â€Å"savages that must be removed. †12 Jacksons radical approach upset many natives and led to the Cherokee resistance. The Cherokees were confined to the state of Georgia where they decided to reconstruct their tribal government. They created a constitution, established a language, had bountiful resources and even created a newspaper. However, this only increased the pressure for their American neighbors to take control of this Cherokee territory. The state of Georgia called upon Congress to begin negotiations with the Cherokees so they could leave their land. In 1830, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act allowing the president to negotiate treaties of removal with all Indian tribes east of the Mississippi. One year later, the Cherokee Nation brought a suit against the state of Georgia. The Supreme Court ruled in the case of Worcester v. Georgia that the Cherokee Nation was â€Å"a distinct community, occupying its own territory where the laws of Georgia can have no force. †13 Georgia ignored this ruling and continued violating the Cherokee region. Faced with destruction or removal, the Cherokees signed the Treaty of New Echota, where they agreed to relocate west of the Mississippi River. 14 This relocation devastated the Cherokee Nation’s emotions and is known as the Trail of Tears in 1835. As you can see, the United States of America was faced with a very difficult dilemma in having to force federal Indian policies to maintain the control of the eastern frontier. Although much blood was shed over the policies between Washington’s and Jackson’s administrations, much more blood could have been shed and treaties could have never formed. This could have possibly changed the face of the United States as we know it today. Notes 1. Calloway, Colin G, First Peoples; A Documentary Survey of American Indian History, Bedford/St Martins, New York, 3rd Ed, 2008, 219. 2. Calloway, 218. 3. Calloway, 219. 4. Prucha, P. Francis. Federal Indian Policy. May 2 2005. http://www. alaskool. org/native_ed/ historicdocs/use_of_english/ prucha. htm (accessed May 29, 2009), 2. 5. Prucha, 2. 6. Prucha, 2. 7. Prucha, 3. 8. Calloway, 230. 9. Calloway, 229. 10. Calloway, 230. 11. Calloway, 228. 12. Calloway, 231. 13. Seal, David. The Trail of Tears. Oct 19 1994. http://ngeorgia. com/history/nghisttt. html (accessed May 29, 2009), 1. 14. Seal, 1. Bibliography Calloway, Colin G, First Peoples; A Documentary Survey of American Indian History, Bedford/St Martins, New York, 3rd Ed, 2008. Prucha, P. Francis. â€Å"Federal Indian Policy† May 2 2005. http://www. alaskool. org/native_ed/ historicdocs/use_of_english/ prucha. htm (accessed May 29, 2009). Seal, David. The Trail of Tears. Oct 19 1994. http://ngeorgia. com/history/nghisttt. html (accessed May 29, 2009).

Topics of Discussion in Educational Studies :: essays research papers

Topics of Discussion in Educational Studies I read the article â€Å"Another Look at what young Children Should Be learning† because the title interested me, how do we decide what to teach and when? Who controls the standards for a school? Is it up to the teacher or is it something that the teachers were told to teach? In many cases I understand that it is a mixture of both the teachers influence and what the teacher is required to do. This makes me think back to my own experiences in school, being taught different thing and now I think, why was I taught that? This article came up with some very interesting points about education.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some of these things that I read in the article I can directly relate to my own experience. In my high school and junior high we always had learning goals. They would come up with acronyms to help us remember them and make us do project involving them. In high school they were called the ESLERS, what it stood for escapes me now. I guess the school thought it was a good idea to make sure that every classroom had these learning goals posted on the wall. I thought that was always a little silly, but I can’t think of a better way of using them. It never really helped me personally but I could see how it could help others. Learning though interaction at a young age was also mentioned in the article, I have memories of this in use as well. In my elementary school we would always have these weird things that would be secretly teaching us something. Like our first grade teacher introduced us to algebra in a way. He drew this machine on the board, and then he said that he is putting a number in one side. Then he showed us what came out the other side, and we had to figure out what the machine did. He let us put in different numbers, and it was fun. If I become a teacher I hope that I could be that creative when it comes to teaching.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the article they talk about how some methods of teaching could be good in the short run test scores, but not in the long run education of the student. They say that the amount of drills and practice in reading is a good way to teach reading, but could undermine the students’ disposition toward reading.

Moral Virtue Aquired

How is moral virtue acquired? Alex Koglman Aristotle believes ethics is about moral virtue over intellectual virtue. Moral virtue comes about as a result of habits of human excellence. So in that case nothing that exists by nature can form a habit. For example, when a bunny is born it does not learn to hop it is born to hop. With that being said us humans should try and develop good habits from the beginning of life. By developing good habits this will help you do the right thing without having to think hard about what the outcome is going to be.Good behavior arises from habits which in return can only be acquired by repeating the action and correcting it. First, moral virtues that help construct up a â€Å"happy† human are; justice, wisdom, courage and temperance. Wisdom is a special virtue that is intellectual; however it does guide human choices, while moral virtues are about action. Moral virtues are not acquired by teaching; they are brought on by acting the same way over and over again until it is habitual.So how do people acquire these moral virtues? The best conclusion would be, if a person had parents that acted in this way and were role models of excellence. Otherwise, success only comes from years of practicing, making tough decisions, and learning from your mistakes. Next, how will someone know when they acquire these moral virtues? The persons peers will look up to them and constantly have positive outcomes. People will come to them for help/advice, have 100% faith in them and be a huge role model.In result that person will feel like a million dollars knowing that he/she is in control. Aristotle provides people with both amazing insight and a powerful plan to shape one’s choices and actions in ways that will increase the chance of attaining happiness. By developing the four cardinal virtues, a person can go very far down the path of a whole life, well lived and the rest is up to good fortune. But even if bad luck ruins the chance, a p erson of good character, by possessing the moral virtues, will be far better off than those who don’t.Aristotle concludes that it is not possible to achieve happiness, a whole life well lived, without moral virtue. Moral virtue is a necessity for happiness otherwise people will act out of spite/anger/revenge/unlawful. Acting virtuously, however, is the primary means to becoming virtuous. For, according to Aristotle, â€Å"virtues arise in us neither by nature nor contrary to nature; but by our nature we can receive them and perfect them by habituation†

Literary Lessons in Love Essay

If William Shakespeare’s work can be considered a foundation of literary achievement and theatrical excellence, the theme of love must be one of its fundamental cornerstones. In many Shakespearean plays, love is an effective theme that is carefully sculpted to yield the desired audience reaction or the required moral lesson, and can enhance both comedic and tragic works. Most significantly, the portrayal of love as a theme on stage is able to establish deep roots of meaning within the lives of the audience, drawing parallels between imaginary characters and the striking reality of human emotion. In the Olivier film version of Shakespeare’s King Lear, the director makes careful decisions about character portrayal, camera angles, and lighting to accentuate particularly significant examples of self-love, materialistic love, and parental love in drawing the conclusion that love, as exhibited by many characters in the opening act of his play, is thoroughly flawed. One of the most prominent situations supporting the director’s choice to demonstrate the imperfect pursuit of love in King Lear occurs when the ageing King, overwhelmed by his desire for flattery, decides to divide his expansive kingdom among his three daughters with the pursuit of self-love at heart. Lear asks his daughters, â€Å"Which of you shall we say doth love us most?† (1.1.46), and plans to give the greater portion of his kingdom to the daughter who showers him lovingly with the most bountiful praise. Loving himself so highly that he blinds himself from seeing the right way to make a decision, Lear exposes the fact that making unwise choices based on flattery and self-absorption is foolish. For example, the director of the film demonstrates the idea of Lear’s love for himself by portraying the daughters as Lear, himself, would view them following their differing declarations of love. Using costumes and makeup, the director depicts both Gonerill and Regan as elegant, mature women in colourful gowns, corresponding to their overly flattering claims of love for their father. However, Cordelia is dressed simply in white, and plainly shows her nervous emotions, corresponding to her honest and straightforward answer to Lear’s question. As a result of Lear’s uncontrollable love for his own reputation, he disowns his favourite daughter, Cordelia, stating harshly, â€Å"Better thou/ Hadst not been born than not t’have pleased me better.† (1.1.229-230) Lear’s other daughters, Gonerill and Regan, begin to believe that he is growing insane, and undermine their father by limiting the number of loyal knights that he will be allowed to keep at the castle. Clearly, Lear’s preoccupation with flawed self-love leads him to irreparable damage in his most meaningful relationships. In addition to Lear’s love of himself, Edmond’s love of material possessions contributes to the theme of defective love in this film of King Lear. Edmond, the illegitimate son of Gloucester, desires so strongly to become his father’s heir to gain material possessions that he resorts to lies and trickery. Edmond visits his father with a false letter, allegedly from his brother, Edgar, describing Edgar’s supposed plan to kill Gloucester in order to gain early access to his father’s assets. According to the letter, Edgar believes that, â€Å"this policy and reverence of age makes the/world bitter to the best of our times, keeps our fortunes from us/till our oldness cannot relish them.† (1.2.45-47) Edmond’s acquisitive desire likely originated from his shame as an illegitimate son, and demonstrates the imprudence of devising such cruel schemes as a result of loving material possessions. As a result of Edmond’s submission to a deep love of money, he sends his brother away out of mock fear for their father’s supposed rage, thus breaking the bonds of trust and love within the family. Edmond’s selfish plan rooted in materialistic love also causes Gloucester to turn against his own legitimate son, calling Edgar an â€Å"unnatural, detested, brutish villain.† (1.2.69) The director of the film chooses to portray Edmond’s disastrous pursuit of acquisitive love using a camera angle centred on Edmond throughout the soliloquy in which he details his selfish scheme. This camera shot represents Edmond’s egocentric mind frame, with his sights set only on his own financial satisfaction, and alludes to the fact that Edmond’s attention to love is terribly off-course. Finally, the exploration of familial love in the film illustrates Gloucester’s flawed ability to understand genuine parental love. It is evident that Gloucester’s love of his two sons, Edmond and Edgar, is both inconsiderate and distrustful. For example, in spite of the expectation that parents keep their children’s sensitive emotions and best interests at heart, Gloucester thoughtlessly discusses Edmond’s accidental conception in Edmond’s very presence. Avoiding the thought of his son’s possible embarrassment, Gloucester’s shameful claim of having, â€Å"so/often blushed to acknowledge [Edmond]† (1.1.8-9) proves him to be a bold and insensitive father. As a result of Edmond’s frustration and feeling of inferiority towards his legitimate brother, he devises the deceitful scheme that tears apart the family’s trust. Furthermore, Gloucester’s instant acceptance of his son Edgar as the author of Edmond’s false, vindictive letter further demonstrates his imperfect fatherly love, and proves him to be a gullible and distrustful parent. For example, Gloucester states spontaneously, as he skims the letter, â€Å"I’ll apprehend [Edgar]. /Abominable villain, where is he?† (1.2.70-71), jumping to conclusions and affirming that the letter must be Edgar’s, even before he even has a chance to confirm the situation with his accused son. The director of the film depicts Gloucester’s flawed familial love using a dark and shadowed lighting arrangement as the play begins, representing the dim, imperfect relationships within the family. This lighting arrangement also foreshadows the gloomy fragmentation of the family as a result of Gloucester’s flawed fatherly love and his tactlessness for Edmond’s feelings about his illegitimate conception. In conclusion, the theme of love as illustrated by Lear, Edmond, and Gloucester in the film portrays the message that human love is often selfish, insensitive, or otherwise flawed. This theme speaks to the very root of human behaviour, as much stress in daily life stems from the frustrations associated with fragile relationships of love. As is evident from the subsequent effects of each character’s defective love in this play, blindly misusing one’s power to love can easily harm other individuals, and may put one’s own happiness at stake. Not only are Shakespeare’s plays valuable as entertainment; they are vessels of moral education. By learning from these characters’ misunderstandings about love, humans have a chance to recognize faults and improve their own relationships. It may take little more than some basic literary lessons in love to raise human tolerance, to learn to appreciate one another, and to begin to make a difference in our world by l oving genuinely and selflessly.

Educating Rita vs. Shawshank redemption Essays

Educating Rita vs. Shawshank redemption Essays Educating Rita vs. Shawshank redemption Essay Educating Rita vs. Shawshank redemption Essay Essay Topic: The Shawshank Redemption Explain how challenges of embarking into the universe can be outweighed by the possibilities that come from personal growing. Barriers of endeavoring into the abysm are non worthwhile to get the better of since growing will sabotage your perceptual experience of ultimate felicity. Since persons necessarily sacrifice a portion of themselves and does non supply ultimate felicity for society. The prescribed text Educating Rita by Willy Russell showcases Rita as losing all of her individualism by deriving cognition. Mirroring the above thesis. my related text. The Shawshank Redemption directed by Frank Darabont encapsulates the thought of institutionalisation. Education is a addendum for the old life style giving new ways to populate with damaging side effects. In the drama Educating Rita . Rita assumes that instruction is an chance for happening herself but she is simply transitioning from one societal category to another. Rita’s instruction has an oppressive consequence on her personality. Frank wants her to discipline’ her head. but what he means is happen a less subjective ( personal ) manner to look at literature. The sarcasm is that this will do Rita less self-generated and it might impede her passion for the truth and for life. Education and Alcohol are of both a agency of satisfaction for Frank. Giving an instruction substitutes the demand to imbibe foregrounding his futile quandary since by learning Rita. she is seting nothing of her’ in her essays whereas her old essay was filled with subjectiveness and by imbibing he is losing a portion of himself and. Consequently. she is conforming to the societal category and run intoing the demands and wants of that category but that is non ultimate felicity since they are non wholly her wants and demands. Therefore. mentioning to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. as she is deriving self-actualisation she is losing her belonging and love nature since she runs off from Denny and thrusts Frank off. Mirroring the above statement for The Shawshank Redemption . Convicted felons are sent to prison to be rehabilitated so that one twenty-four hours they will no longer present a menace to citizens on the exterior. This is non the instance at Shawshank Prison. Shawshank. in world. is a topographic point of lasting parturiency since it strives to extinguish the tiniest hope for freedom from their captives. The full Shawshank system is an educational life style all captives have to larn or there will be ruinous effects. This is seen in the first clip when all the fish come into their cells for the first clip and one of the captives starts shouting and protesting he doesn’t belong here. he does non understand the system yet and ends up deceasing for non following orders. The dry nature of this system is that finally convicts depend on the system to keep intent. These walls are funny†¦first you hate them. so you get used to them. so you depend on them†¦that’s instit utionalized. It is hence useless to seek and overreach the system set uping that the challenges are ineffectual and non worth the clip. This is reinforced by Brooks go forthing the prison system and so perpetrating suicide  ­after he lost his Self-Esteem and Belonging which the prison provided him with. With lone Physiology and Safety from Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. he has enlightened to his significance to the universe which leads to his ain death reinforcing that it is better to populate blissfully nescient than to populate harmfully enlightened. An individual’s possibility of personal growing is entirely reliant on their ain grade of cynicism. The extent of an individual’s cynicism is the challenge they have to confront in order to achieve personal growing. Persons have to be avaricious and selfish as it is the lone manner to develop a better apprehension of themselves. Frank is presented ab initio as misanthropic since he is merely motivated by money derived from Frank and Julia’s telephone conversation. This motive helps him reawaken his grasp of beauty in literature and life: I think you’re the first breath of air that’s been in this room for years’ . Consequently. Frank develops an attractive force towards his Frankenstein an d wants to be with her. Oscar Wilde said A faultfinder is a adult male who knows the monetary value of everything. and the value of nothing . However. Frank does non stop up with Rita due to the feelings non being common. Rita’s cynicism lies with her desire for cognition. In the first scence. Rita explosions into his room and Tells Frank she wants to larn everything’ . Her aspiration is alluded with Shakespeare’s Macbeth and the monetary value that it comes with – her personality. Willy Russell intentionally alludes Frank to Frankenstein and Rita to Frankenstein’s Monster ; Frank to the King and Rita to Macbeth since she is seen as the hungry ambitious animal instead than the nescient Godhead. To go Macbeth or Frankenstein’s Monster is non deserving anyone’s clip since it destroys a person’s ethical motives and therefore a person’s opinion on what felicity is. An imitation of the old statement is besides seen in The Shawshank Redemption . Since Andy is the lone misanthropic individual there is in the Prison. he is the lone 1 that escapes prison. Shown through assisting Captain Hadley to derive the likes of his equals and to transition int o a less exhausting occupation. It is apparent that Andy is fears no 1 even the Warden. Repeating Oscar Wilde’s statement. we can see the grade of Andy’s cynicism which allows him to get away prison. Contrasty. Red serves his full clip ever disagreed with Andy’s cynicism. After Andy finishes his 2 hebdomad stretch in the hole. he explains his theory of hope and how no 1 can take that off from you. Red argues that hope is useless and that has highlighted that Red has given up his cynicism. Consequently. Andy escapes merely after 20 old ages to venture and happen his personal growing whereas Red serves his full sentence. However. Andy has to rip off the system and unethically supply false inside informations to all the Bankss in order to come on. It is non deserving the outgo of society to let one adult male to be economically richer since he cheated the system. This changes a man’s attitude towards life and Andy had to trust on selfish agencies to acquire where he is. It is non valuable to achieve it in such an unethical method. Ultimately both texts basically show that there are no ways to accomplish growing and felicity on the same degree since accomplishing growin g undermines the perceptual experiences of felicity. Since social felicity is ever greater hence an person can merely be selfish and misanthropic to acquire anyplace in life.

Tips For Writing Flawless Economics Essays

Tips For Writing Flawless Economics Essays Economics Essay: Crafting an Impressive Essay When in college and studying economics, at some point you will be required to come up with an economic essay. To make it substantial, you need to provide points of arguments and back them up with evidence to support their validity. In order to come up with a first-class essay, you first need to conduct extensive research for your work, structure a thesis for your work and create an outline that will ensure your work is logical. An economic essay relies on facts and each point made concerning the topic of discussion should be supported appropriately, and creativity used to give room for more interpretation and understanding by the reader. Below is a step by step guide that will help you in the writing of an impressive economics essay. Requirements of an Economics Essay Most of the economics essays are posted in terms of the question. After getting your topic, read it through several times until you are conversant with it. Additionally, if you do not understand it properly, do not hesitate to consult your professor. When you understand it, write it down on a sticky note and stick it where you can see and refer to it. Also, highlight the keywords in the provided instructions. It is a sure way of reminding yourself to stick to the required information related to the topic throughout your writing. Conduct Thorough Research Only start your research process when you have familiarized and understood the topic you are to discuss. Several essays only require the information in your textbook for them to be well answered. Just in case you find the information not sufficient, you can refer to the reference section of the book and use the provided sources to conduct more research. All in all, don’t forget that your professor is there to guide you. Use his knowledge and understanding to your advantage and consult where necessary. As you do your research, you are bound to find some unfamiliar terms. Do not take them for granted, try and find their meanings to gain a better understanding of them. Additionally, keep in mind that you are to tick to the main topic of discussion. When you are reading through your source materials, keep to the materials related to your work and avoid any information that is unrelated. Create a Plan for Your Writing After you are done conducting research and you have collected a sufficient amount of evidence and relative backup arguments, you should start thinking of how to write your economics essay. It is prudent to insist and repeat that when it comes to economics essay, you cannot deviate from the topic of discussion throughout the whole essay.   Having a concise plan will help you achieve this. However, do not confuse an essay plan as your outline for writing an essay. Both are different, and its still too early to start thinking about an essay outline at this point. The essay plan consists of a rough draft of the key point that you need to address in your essay. Listing them is important in helping you distinguish the most relevant, from the irrelevant and therefore use the required information in writing your economics essay. Arrange Your Material After you have come up with the essential materials that you are to put in your economics essay, you should arrange them in order to achieve a logical flow of ideas. This will help in the writing of your final draft since the ideas are well put and the narrations of your arguments are smooth. Have in mind the outline of an essay which is the introduction, main body paragraphs, and the conclusion section. When structuring your main body paragraphs, consider the length of paper you are required to submit.   This will ensure that you don’t squeeze your words in ways that will make the point vague and not understandable. It is easier to put a central focus on key issues, and only fill them with brief, but straight to the point arguments. Introduce Your Essay After putting together your research materials and you have a clear understanding of the topic you are to discuss, you can now embark on writing your economics essay.   The crucial but still technical part of writing an essay is the introduction, and that of an economic essay is no different.   It is recommended that you handle this part of the essay first and be done with it. It will also serve as a guideline of how you are to write your body paragraphs and still stick to the topic of discussion. An introduction for an economic essay serves as an extended and broadened version of your main argument that you formulated on the rough draft about your main points. Outline your Main Body Paragraphs After you have successfully broadened your main argument for the economic essay in the introduction part, you have already set the tone for what the reader is to expect as the read your work. Do not forget to stick to the main topic of discussion while writing your body paragraphs. At this point, assemble a more comprehensive outline of your main body paragraphs. This was already done when you arranged your research information in a logical order on a rough draft. For the final copy, you should do the same to ensure you work has a logical flow of the ideas you have presented. Ensure that each point of view and the related argument are done each in their own paragraphs. Your outline should be made of a single sentence addressing your point of view, and several citations that act as a source of material to justify your argument. Writing the Main Body Paragraphs Using the outline created for your main body of the essay, you will easily write the body paragraphs. The only thing left to do is expounding your main points with well-structured arguments from different sources as back up to make the work factual and creative. In simple terms, your body paragraphs will start with the main sentences you came up with in your essay outline and the evidence you gathered from the research materials you used. It is important to stress that the narration of your essay should have a logical flow of ideas and offer each piece of information clearly and straight forward. Make use of transition sentences at the end of each body paragraph to connect on body paragraph to the other for the achievement of a logical connection. Use Compelling Evidence For Your Work A point to note is that an economic essay clearly relies on facts and data as compared to other essays within diverse disciplines. This means that quoting what an author said will not be enough to support your point of view. Avail to the reader specified statistics, facts, and figures. The factual evidence is the argumentative part of your economic essay that gives your work its essence. This should engage you to ensure that every single argument you put across for the main sentences of your body paragraphs is complemented with facts and statistical evidence. Write the Conclusion After you have written your body paragraphs of the economic essay you are working on, consider this the end of discussion for the main part of your essay. What remains now is a summative narrative that briefly reminds the reader of the important points put across and their validity. A concrete conclusion is important as it helps consolidate the trust of the reader in your work and point of argument. This will give the reader a conclusive general impression of the work they are reading. A weak conclusion should be avoided as the reader will remain unimpressed and the work presented won’t be relevant to them thus a waste of time on both sides. Think of a conclusion as a summative part of your whole essay. This is the thought you let your reader leave with after reading and contemplate about as they carry out their own businesses. The best way of creating a good conclusion is restating the central argument that you expressed in the introduction of your economic essay. Read through Your Draft It is naive to think that your work is done when you completed writing your essay. You should always polish your paper to make it worth a read and be sure that you will receive good grades. However, it is too early, to begin with proofreading your work for errors related to spellings, punctuation or grammar. After concluding your work, focus on reading through your work to be sure that each detail presented in your main body paragraphs are associated with the topic. Also, ensure that they are backed up by credible evidence from reliable sources. Any deviations should be cut off the main work. As we said earlier, quality work does not rely on the number of words, but on the preciseness and factual illustration of your written economics essay. Do a Review of the Consistency of Your Writing After confirming the relevance of your information to your topic and each argument is structured according to the source material, you need now to question the sufficiency of the information presented. To start off, ensure that the main argument is clear and understandable to the reader.   Double check its legibility and understanding to the target audience. Make sure that you eliminate any hint of ambiguity to make your economics essay worth a good grade. Another point to consider should be the application of this principle to the entire essay. You should avoid making the reader question the need for some piece of information in your essay, or what it proves relating to your topic of discussion. Proofread for Spelling and Grammar Polishing your work should be the last step in ensuring your economics essay has been well articulated and structured, and all errors have been resolved accordingly.   This involves correcting all forms of grammatical, punctuation, or spelling errors. This will ensure that your grades are not tanked by such mistakes, and the reader does not end up disappointed in the essay you have written. You should keep in mind that no matter how different your major is from language studies, resolving errors in your work is important because by overlooking them, you stand to lose substantial marks that will affect your grade. Make sure you follow the right instruction and hand in a well-written essay that is both impressive and creative.

Case study accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Case study accounting - Essay Example suitable methods for maintaining an efficient accounting system for better and accurate costing, financial and operating information, she has presented comprehensive accounting and non-accounting information regarding the business operations. The following is a brief analysis of the business information provided by Wadhha. Wadhha started the boatyard business with a small amount of her savings forming her initial investment into the business. This had a dual effect i.e., on one side it increased the company’s assets being cash while on the other aspect it increased the capital invested into the company. In her quest to get on doing some business, she purchased a running boatyard business at a fair negotiable price. This entitled her the benefits of acquiring an old business and saving her the hassle of forming and establishing an entirely new business. The need for additional funds to finance the business was met by borrowing funds from a friend. It further had double effects i.e., on one side it increased the company’s assets being cash and on the other side, it increased the company’s liabilities. The wharf and store were also of attraction to the customers who were mostly the holiday makers for boating purposes and the company made the most of this attraction by offering fishing tackle, sporting goods and other refreshments. The most of the expenses incurred by company would be on the maintenance of the land, building, store, petrol and diesel pumps, work shed etc, the labour wages expenses, any interest on the borrowings etc. The company possesses great future prospects if the assets are utilised efficiently and effectively towards the generation and maximisation of revenues, so that the expenses could easily be met and the liabilities be paid off on time. The Wadhha’s boatyard owns all the fixed assets needed to run the company, however not much information is provided regarding the current assets of the company most importantly, cash. Wadhha

The Pixar Marketing Comparative Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Pixar Marketing Comparative Analysis - Essay Example It has been observed that the benchmarking policy will be more effective if comparative cases are used. Our team members are technologically sound and they are having an expertise in developing marketing plans. In the current study, Pixar has been selected to gain insight on the new product development (Annacchino, 2007). The organization is specialized in developing â€Å"animated shorts, feature films, animated logos for clients like IBM and Paramount and commercials for clients like Listerine and LifeSavers† (Kahn et al., 2013). â€Å"The Walt Disney Company† acquired Pixar and operated it as their subsidiary. The case study will help the team in emphasizing on various factors of teamwork. Pixar is having three corresponding groups working simultaneously. Three main strategies are used by the employee groups like technical development, creative development, and production.The firm is using high association strategies for the employees. Management of the firm is colle cting insights and suggestions from the employees. Pixar also emphasizes on the developing high collaboration between the employees and management, which helps in gaining creative ideas and increase technical efficiency among the employees. Management of Pixar adopted the approach â€Å"experiment and refine† in order to execute rapid and instant decisions. It reduces risk potentials as sharing of risk is easy. Finally, it can be said that case study will be aiding in making effective new product development strategies.

Motivating teams Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Motivating teams - Term Paper Example The objective of this paper is to present a background and a definition of motivating teams. Certain guidelines and goals for motivating a team will also be presented. The significance of this presentation is to provide a full understanding on the needs of teams and the importance of motivation. This is in order for managers and organizations to achieve the desired performance they need from their workers. With proper motivation, workers will be more satisfied with their work and will be pleased with what they are doing. In the end, the holistic environment and outcomes within the organization will result in positivity. The challenge, however, lies on the minimal number of studies regarding team motivations. The role of leadership skills has long been evaluated and studied whereas the importance of motivational skills is still gaining popularity in the labor world. A minimal number of researchers on this topic may be due to the fact that motivation is hardly measurable. Moreover, mot ivationcannot be observed directly(Swezey et al., 1994). The scope of this study remains on the essential information regarding motivation in teams and a brief description of motivation in individuals. The topic on motivating individuals will not be defined in this paper. Background of the Study In any organization, leadership and motivation of individuals are important in order to assure efficiency and quality work outcomes. Chen & Kanfer (2006) stated that there are many studies that have proven the effects of leadership on performance whereas little is still known regarding the effects of motivation on individuals or teams. For decades, proper leadership was deemed to be the most important role of a manager. However, managerial leadership skills havebeenfound to be inadequate or incomplete without the proper motivational skills (Ceridian Corporation, 2005). Thus, motivational skills are imperative in keeping workers at their best performance. According to Clark (2005), it is mo re challenging to motivate a team than to motivate an individual. Teams are defined as a set of â€Å"two or more people who interact, dynamically, interdependently, and adaptively toward a common and valued goal/objective/mission, who have each been assigned specific roles or functions to perform, and who have a limited life-span of membership† (Salas, Dickinson, Converse & Tannenbaum, 1992, p. 4). Since teams are composed of different individuals with different missions and values, it may be hard to keep them together. This is now the challenge that is associated with motivating teams.Yet, Chen & Kanfer (2006) state that about 80% of institutions around the world are now employing the use of teams. Teams, committees, and groups can increase productivity by achieving goals that are assigned them in a shorter length of time. Lawler (2003) also stated that employees behave in a line of sight. By this, he means that employees act in a certain way when they believe that these ac tions will result to appealing results. Furthermore, Lawler (2003, p. 124) indicated that, â€Å"employees are inherently neither motivated nor unmotivated to perform effectively; their motivationdepends on the situation, how they perceive it, and what rewards they need and value.† It is therefore imperative for managers to identifythe necessary modes of

Contract Law Case Study

Contract Law Case Study PART I LINUS WISHES TO SUE CHARLIE On what contractual grounds could he sue? Linus could sue Charlie on the grounds of the mailbox rule/postal rule, since a contract was created on June 15, 2009 when Linus wrote back to Charlie accepting the offer, not when it was received. Once the mode of communication is the mail, an acceptance becomes valid when it is dispatched or placed in the control of the US Postal service, not when it is received by the offeror. Will Linus prevail? Yes, Linus will prevail even though the agreement was not communicated to the offeror, it does not prevent the contract from being created. What if any defenses, contractual arguments or counterclaims would Charlie have? Charlies defense for a counterclaim should include the fact that while Linus accepted the offer in a timely fashion, the acceptance did not correspond with the offer, when Linus requested to change the original offer that changed the terms of the agreement and an offer in one set of terms can hardly be accepted by a communication in different terms. Will Charlie prevail? Yes, and to reiterate that an acceptance of a contract means that nothing should be added to the offer, even if it is consistent or similar to the offer. The offeree must accept unequivocally without changing the original offer. CHARLIE WISHES TO SUE THE VET On what contractual grounds could he sue? Charlie could sue on the grounds that while there was an exculpatory clause on the receipt releasing Vet Emporium from liability in connection with the treatment of Snoopy and Woodstock, that did not waive the veterinarians standard of care owed to the patients. This unconscionable clause is voidable for reasons of public policy, because a party may not exempt themselves from liability from a duty imposed on them by a statute for their negligence in the performance of a duty imposed upon them by law. Charlie could recover for intentional infliction of emotional distress for harm to Woodstock. Will he prevail? Yes, the veterinarians conduct was unprofessional, when he endangered the health and welfare of Woodstock due to unreasonable safety. What if any defenses, contractual arguments or counterclaims would the Vet have? The veterinarian may assert that the exculpatory agreement which was part of the receipt waived Charlies right to sue for injuries on the grounds that the extended boarding services provided was not a primary function of the veterinarians practice and when Charlie used these services, he did so voluntarily. Will he prevail? Probably not, while waivers are customarily part of a boarding agreement, they are unenforceable in many jurisdictions. SALLY WISHES TO SUE THE VET On what contractual grounds could she sue? She could sue on the grounds of breach of a unilateral contract. Once an offer has been made such as when Vet Emporium posted the advertisement all over the area of a reward for the return of Woodstock, acceptance of that contract was satisfied when Woodstock was found by Sally. Once Sally performed the condition, the offeror was contractually obliged to pay her. Will she prevail? Possibly, there might be an issue with the way in which she returned Woodstock. She probably should have taken him to Vet Emporium to collect the reward. What if any defenses or contractual arguments would the Vet have? Vet Emporium could argue that Sally was not obligated to the reward since she did not return Woodstock to their office. Will they prevail? Yes, this was condition precedent contract that stipulated that Woodstock had to be returned to Vet Emporium in order to collect the $50.00 reward. THE VET WISHES TO SUE CHARLIE On what contractual grounds could he sue? He could sue for failure of payment for services rendered to Snoopy. Will he prevail? Yes, payment is still due for caring of Snoopy. What if any defenses or contractual arguments would Charlie have? In defense, Charlie could state that because of the veterinarians negligence Snoopy suffered emotional loneliness when Woodstock flew away, he should be awarded damages. Will he prevail? Yes. Compensatory damages can be awarded for the breach of contract. SALLY WISHES TO SUE CHARLIE On what contractual grounds could she sue? Sally could sue Charlie for refusing to pay as agreed, for caring for Woodstock. Will she prevail? Yes, Charlie expressed orally that he would reimburse Sally $100.00 for finding and caring of Woodstock. What if any defenses or contractual arguments would Charlie have? None, Sally expected payment for service and Charlie should have known that payment was expected. Will he prevail? No, Charlie could have picked up Woodstock without offering to reimburse Sally. He committed himself to the payment. LUCY WISHES TO SUE LINUS On what contractual grounds could she sue? Lucy can sue Linus for compensatory damages for the loss of bargain of the work that he was to perform. Will she prevail? Yes, she can sue Linus for breach to recover the additional $325.00 in compensatory damages and for other fees incurred to obtain performance from another source. What if any defenses or contractual arguments would Linus have? Linus could argue that the breach was unintentional and was based upon the reliance of a contract with another party. Will he prevail? No. Regardless of the circumstances, he still breached his contract with Lucy. PART II SCHROEDER V LUCY On what contractual grounds could he sue? Schroeder could sue on the grounds that he was not advised to obtain his own independent counsel to have the document reviewed before signing the prenuptial agreement. He could sue that the agreement was unconscionable when it was executed and, he was not provided a fair and reasonable disclosure of the property or financial obligations of the other party and he did not have, or reasonably could not have had, an adequate knowledge of the property or financial obligations of the other party. Will he prevail? The resulted outcome can go either way, prenuptial agreements are routinely upheld and enforced by courts in virtually all states, even if only one party had an attorney (In re Marriage of Bonds 2000); however, there are circumstances in which courts have refused to enforce certain portions and provisions of such agreements(Estate of Lutz 1997). What if any defenses, contractual arguments or counterclaims would Lucy have? Lucys defense would be that while her actions were not laudatory they did not negate the voluntary nature of the execution. A unilateral promise such as to buy Schroeder a new piano if he will marry must be in writing. Such statements were not included in her prenuptial agreement. Lucy could also argue that it is Schroeders responsibility to delay the signing of an agreement that may not be understood. Will Lucy prevail? Yes, she acted appropriately and retained counsel on her behalf. LUCY V LAWYER On what contractual grounds could she sue? She could sue the attorney for negligent misconduct, malpractice and misrepresentation by concealment of not informing her of his status to practice law. The attorney violated state statues which prohibits the unauthorized practice of law and suspension for failure to pay bar fees. Will she prevail? Yes, many states have statues that suspend attorneys from practicing law for failure to pay their bar fees. Failure to pay the annual license fee will automatically suspend the delinquent lawyer from the practicing law in that state. What if any defenses, contractual arguments or counterclaims would the Lawyer have? None, he violated a state statue, and committed a fraud by practicing law knowing that his license may be suspended for not paying his bar dues. He shouldnt have any defenses available because he engaged in fraudulent misrepresentation that was detrimental to public policy. Will he prevail in his defenses or his counterclaims? No. Technically, all the work that he might have done while not in the possession of a valid license might be voided. PIGPEN V MARCIE On what contractual grounds could he sue? Pigpen could sue Marcie for fraudulent misrepresentation the facts for failing to disclose that they is an insect infestation, when she informed Pigpen that there was no insect problem in her home. Pigpen could also sue for recovery of his earnest money that he gave to Marcie. Will he prevail? Yes. Marcie failed to comply with the full performance of the contract. What if any defenses, contractual arguments or counterclaims could Marcie have? Marcie can argue substantial complete performance by getting rid of the insect infestation. Will she prevail in his defenses or her counterclaims? No. The problem with insect infestation cannot be easily corrected and intentionally failing to comply with the terms is a breach of contract. She intentionally withheld pertinent information from Pigpen about the condition of her home in regards to insects. LUCY V MARCIE On what contractual grounds could she sue? Pigpen could sue Marcie for fraudulent misrepresentation the facts for failing to disclose that they is an insect infestation, when she informed Pigpen that there was no insect problem in her home. Pigpen could also sue for recovery of his earnest money that he gave to Marcie. Will he prevail? Yes. Marcie failed to comply with the full performance of the contract. What if any defenses, contractual arguments or counterclaims could Marcie have? Marcie can argue substantial complete performance by getting rid of the insect infestation. Will she prevail in his defenses or her counterclaims? No. The problem with insect infestation cannot be easily corrected and intentionally failing to comply with the terms is a breach of contract. She intentionally withheld pertinent information from Pigpen about the condition of her home in regards to insects. LUCY V MARCIE On what contractual grounds could she sue? None, Marcie placed a condition upon which the sale would go forward if the sale of her existing home met the conditions outlined. Will she prevail? No. Since Marcie was unable to secure a buyer for her home, the offer to buy Lucys home is voided on the grounds that the condition preceded her absolute duty to buy. What if any defenses, contractual arguments or counterclaims could Marcie have? Marcie could use the defense that she placed the condition precedent in her contract that she would buy Lucys home upon the sale of her own home for $300,000 or more within 30 days. Will she prevail in her defenses or her counterclaims? Yes, if no one pays the price she has established within the period indicated, the agreement to buy Lucys home will fail because the condition precedent was not met. MOMS V SCHROEDER On what contractual grounds could they sue Schroeder? The moms can sue on the grounds of personal performance because they did not consent to the change. The moms can claim that delegation was not effective because the students complained about Peppermint Pattys ability and that materially altered their expectations. On what contractual grounds could they sue Peppermint Patty? They could sue Peppermint Patty for breach of her duty. Special trust was placed on her performance based on the personal skills of Schroeder. Will they prevail? Yes. Contractual duties cannot be delegated. The performance by Peppermint Patty varied materially from what was expected. Also, a delegation of duties does not relieve Schroeder of his obligations under the contract. What if any defenses or contractual arguments would Schroeder have? None, once Peppermint Patty failed to perform then Schroeder is liable to the moms. Will he prevail? No, the assumption of duty by Peppermint Patty varied materially from what was expected. Could he sue Peppermint Patty? Schroeder can sue Peppermint Patty for breach of contract and performance of duty. PEPPERMINT PATTY V SCHROEDER On what contractual grounds could she sue Schroeder? Peppermint Patty could sue Schroeder for payment of services rendered. Regardless of the fact, that the duties were not performed to the satisfaction of the moms, she still completed her obligation. Will she prevail? Possibly, personal satisfaction of the party must be fulfilled in order for a court to rule, unless the expression of dissatisfaction is to avoid payment. What if any defenses or contractual arguments would Schroeder have? Schroeder could argue that Peppermint Patty did not perform to the satisfaction of the moms and therefore performance was not satisfied and the condition was not fulfilled. Will he prevail? Yes, the breach was material since the performance was not at least substantial. Could he sue Peppermint Patty? Yes, he could sue Peppermint Patty for breach of contract of nonperformance of a contractual duty. PART III Once the offer was accepted by Linus from Charlie using the mailbox rule, the contract was valid and became effective upon acceptance. Linus is entitled to the $500 originally offered by Charlie. Vet Emporiums is already bound by contract to perform a certain duty and should not be compensated for their negligence of duty, but should remedy Charlie for the loss and harm they caused Woodstock. It would not be prudent for Vet Emporium to compensate Sally for the return of Woodstock because the advertisement posted contained conditional precedent for the return to their office. Sally is entitled to the payment of $100 from Charlie since he orally expressed his intentions to reimburse Sally for finding and caring of Woodstock. Lucy should recover an additional $325.00 in compensatory damages and for other fees incurred to obtain performance from another source. Schroeder signed the prenuptial agreement voluntarily and the promises made by Lucy were not stipulated in the agreement so ther e are no grounds for compensation. Lucy should pay the attorney because of his negligence, malpractice and misrepresentation to practice law. Lucys attorney should be suspended for failure to pay his bar dues and the courts in the state where he practices should review all his cases. Pigpen should received compensation of his earnest money funds from Marcie and the contract should be voided for breach by Marcie. Lucys contract with Marcie is void because of the conditional precedent that Marcie placed upon the offer. Without the sale of her home, there is no valid contract with Lucy. The moms had a right from Schroeder to perform his contractual duty and should be compensated nominally for damages suffered. Peppermint Patty performed her obligations under this contract and Schroeder should pay for those services rendered, regardless of the satisfaction of the customers. That satisfaction is the responsibility of Schroder since he was the obligor. References: Clarkson, Miller, Jentz, and Frank B Cross (2009). Business Law, Text and Cases, 11th Ed., South-Western Lexis-Nexis Legal Research