Isaac Newton :: Essays Papers

Sir Isaac Newton developed calculus, natural forces, and optics. Newton was born on Christmas Day in 1642. His father had died before he was born, but he was still given his father's name (Westfall 17). Isaac stayed with his grandparents when his mother went to live with her second husband. While living with his grandparents he attended day school nearby (Westfall 17). After his grandmother died and Newton was seventeen, his mother took him out of school and brought him back to the family farm. She tried to teach him how to run the farm and manage the estate; this was a failure. In all of his spare time he returned to inventing and building machines. Newton's uncle and old schoolmaster saw that he was in the wrong trade and urged his mother to prepare him to attend the University. His uncle's efforts paid off; in 1660 he returned to Grantham to finish grammar school and prepare for the university. In June of 1661 Newton entered Trinity College, Cambridge (Westfall 17). At Cambridge Newton studied mathematics. This is when Newton first started to make many discoveries. He made most of his important discoveries there: pure mathematics, theory of gravitation, and optics, all before he even graduated college. Newton made contributions to all branches of mathematics. Modern study of aerodynamics and the science of hydrodynamics would be impossible without the principles of the calculus. Newton wrote Philosophiae Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), which is usually known by the last two words. "In the book Newton codified Galileo's findings into the three laws of motion." (Wilson online). Newton formulated three laws of motion, and resulting from them the law of universal gravitation. His laws of motion are the natural laws of mechanics. Newton's three laws of motion are: 1. The law of Inertia- an object at rest tends to stay at rest unless acted upon by an outside force. 2. 2nd Law- an unbalanced force applied to an object will result in the acceleration if the object. There was an equation that went along with this law which is F=ma.

Essay --

WHAT IS CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR? Consumer behavior is the study or the art of how people buy, what they buy, when they buy and why they buy. It refers to the actions and all the decision process of people who purchase goods and services for personal consumption. Consumption can be in any form and anywhere. WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? Production Concept (consumers buy what is available than what they really want) Product Concept (consumers will buy a product of highest quality, best performance and most features) Selling Concept (consumers mostly buy the product when they are actively and aggressively persuaded) Marketing Concept (marketer must make what sells rather than sell what it makes) Circle of Consumption- VARIOUS OBSERVATIONS AT THE SHOPPING MALL- We in a group had seen a number of things at the Shopping Mall. There were many different types of customs and rituals also and different ways of how people act. On the observation day, there were many people in groups of three or more. Majority of the people walking in the mall are that of the youth and the children who just like to spend their time in any form of entertainment. People are unique in many ways such as different cultures, views, and perceptions. For people to adapt to a new culture, people must learn to understand signs, norms, and social control. These three factors are important and touch almost every aspect of social life and are used in every day to day life. A sign is â€Å"a symbol that stands for or conveys an ideaâ€Å". Signs could be price tag, a slow down sign etc. As signs convey information and are the most common and they make everyone’s life easier. Gesture is an example of signs and linked with body movements. The signs are present almost ever ywhere, it’... ...f use, possession, and maintenance. One caution about customer value: greater customer value does not necessarily equal greater customer satisfaction. Customer value is defined as the difference (or surplus) between benefits and costs; it is a level of return for customer costs. From a cognitive perspective, according to expectation theory, satisfaction is the result of a comparison between what actually occurs and what is expected. Hence the customers' buying satisfaction depends on both their perceived value of the purchase and their knowledge of what a fair level of buying value should be. In short, customers will feel satisfied to the extent that the perceived value of their buying exceeds the standard they hold. From this point of view, exceeding value is the key for customer satisfaction, not customer value per se (a surplus value).

Moma Visit – Compare and Contrast Paintings

MoMA visit – Visual analysis Art is an effective way to express beauty. Artists have different ways to express their ideas and communicate nonverbally through their work. In the Early Modern Art period, artists were free to create their pieces in diverse ways that never had been done before. For this essay, I chose the works of two artists of this period to compare and contrast so that the diversity of Modern art can be demonstrated.Even though Vincent Van Gogh and Rene Magritte was born forty five years apart from each other and had different styles, I am interested in analyzing â€Å"The Starry Night† (Vincent van Gogh) and â€Å"The Empire of Light, ii† (Rene Magritte) after my trip to the Museum of Modern Art. At the first analysis, I would like to discuss the famous painting â€Å"The Starry Night† (1889) by Van Gogh. This painting is in oil on canvas and has the dimensions of 73. 7  cm ? 92. 1  cm. Van Gogh depicts the town in Rhone under gasligh t and reflected in the blue river.As it is displayed at MoMA, â€Å"The Starry Night† attracts a great number of visitors to its mysterious blue spirals. The focus of the painting is quite high as the first point drawn to the viewer is at the sky. The spirals meet with each other and the yellow stars are bright throughout the dark blue sky. Van Gogh uses thick brush strokes to draw the mysterious spirals, which occupy most of the center of the painting. The enormous spirals are reproduced images of moving waves in the ocean, but also induce a whirling movement. This technique plays a significant part to create the chaotically moving effect for the picture.Most people who see this picture for the first time feel that the whole scenery somehow shifts, even though it is a still life painting. Moving my view point from the mysterious spirals, I can see the big, extremely dark green cypress tree located in the right part of the picture. Cypress appears in Van gogh’s picture often such as in the â€Å"Cypresses† and â€Å"Wheatfield with cypresses. † Unlike these two pictures above, he uses similar sinuous curves tortured from full cycles one after another in this one to reproduce the brush stroke he uses in the spirals.In the bottom one third of the painting, Rhone town at midnight is peaceful in blue. The clearest part we can see at this town is the church and its bell tower. Although the church only consists of simple sketches, it seems to be the most complicated fragment in the painting. The bell tower points up to the sky and draws attention of the viewers to the spirals once again. Secondly, the next painting I would like to mention is â€Å"The Empire of Light ii† (1950) of Rene Magritte. Its dimensions are of 78. 8 x 99. 1 cm. Magritte wants to demonstrate a nocturnal scene under a daytime sky.When I first saw the painting, the initial thought that came through my mind was to admire the peaceful scenery of an ordinary small town. Then I noticed the paradox in the painting. The upper half of the painting is the light blue sky of a peaceful day with floating white clouds. However, the bottom half is a small town at midnight. Houses and trees are all covered with dark hue as if it is late at night. The town looks as if it has already gone to sleep. The thin and precise brush strokes that Magritte adroitly use make the picture look as real as a photo. The closer and longer I look at the painting, the more confused I become.The serenity of the deep-sleeping town, which is dimly lit by the antique street light, along with the floating clouds, makes me feel so calm and peaceful that I am persuaded into its reality. However, I am still able to notice the contrast between day and night in two halves of the painting. This confusion is the result of the eyes tricked to believe in what we see. The placement of day and night remarkably reminds us about our conscious mind that we use in everyday life, and about our lit unconscious mind that waits for us to use it to brighten our senses.This painting conceals Magritte’s psyche that â€Å"The mind loves the unknown. It loves images whose meaning is unknown, since the meaning of the mind itself is unknown. † On the one hand, there are similarities between two paintings that I notice. Firstly, both painters use oil on canvas for the paintings. They also have the approximate dimensions of about 70cmx95cm. Secondly, mystery is an important fact that makes the two paintings worth seeing. People cannot resist taking a look at the spirals and following the moving effect of the whole picture when seeing â€Å"The Starry Night. The spirals themselves are mysterious since they are echoed the movement of ocean waves. Similarly, ‘The Empire of Light, ii† makes spectators wonder the reality of a nocturnal scene of a small town under a sunny day. Their minds are tricked to believe in the true-to-life scene as well as to question th e paradox. In addition, luminosity is created successfully in two paintings. In â€Å"The Starry Night†, the moon and the stars illuminate the sky as stars and moon are in concentric circles and contrary to the dark blue sky surrounding.The moon is placed at the top right corner of the painting, where the sun usually appears, and produces light together with the stars. Correspondingly, in Magritte’s, light comes from the title of the painting itself. The lamppost, as well as the windows’ dim light, creates the luminosity standing alone in the dark night. Finally, even though both paintings have no sign of human and animals, motion still appears clearly. The whole â€Å"Starry Night† is a chaos, moving and moving freely, while the floating clouds in the sunny sky in the upper half of the painting prevents â€Å"The Empire of Light, ii† from lacking in movement.On the other hand, each picture has its own quality. The first difference between the two paintings is the brush stroke. Vincent van Gogh uses the thick brush stroke in â€Å"The Starry Night,† especially when painting the spirals and the cypress, while Magritte’s extremely thin brush stroke appears everywhere in the painting. As a result, the surfaces of two paintings are different; rough in â€Å"The Starry Night† and smooth in â€Å"The Empire of light, ii. † Also, while â€Å"The Starry Night† has an open shape, â€Å"The Empire of Light, ii† is closed-shaped. In â€Å"Starry Night,† there are no edges coming between the stars and the sky.They just merge with one another and create a beautiful â€Å"Starry Night. † However, the thin brush strokes in â€Å"The Empire of Light† identify all objects distinctively. Edges are clear between houses; clouds and sky are clearly recognized. Thirdly, although both painters use blue, the hue, value and intensity are different. Blue is the spiritual color in â€Å"Th e starry night,† and Van Gogh uses blue that varies from the darkest in the town to the lightest in the inside of the spirals. Blue is also diverse in the sky, together with yellow to make a sky lively.Magritte, however, uses just one value of light blue to paint his sky in a sunny day and the sky looks serene. Last but not least, even though both paintings depict the same subject of a small town at midnight, each painting represents a different style. While â€Å"the starry night† of Van Gogh follows post-impressionism – a style that combines the elements of Impressionism with those of non-Europe to create their own way – â€Å"The Empire of Light, ii† of Magritte is surrealist, whose purposes are to describe the irrational, to examine perception and to create the word and image relationship.In conclusion, â€Å"The starry night† of Vincent van Gogh and â€Å"The Empire of Light, ii† are expressions of aesthetic values. The paintings, either post-impressionist or surrealist, represent the painters’ own way of self-expression and their own way to communicate with the spectators nonverbally. Reference 1. Van Gogh’s letters http://vangoghletters. org/vg/letters/let693/letter. html http://vangoghletters. org/vg/letters/let782/letter. html 2. Magritte’s quotes http://www. rene-magritte. org/rene-magritte-quotes. jsp 3. Other http://www. moma. org/collection/object. php? object_id=78456 http://www. all-art. rg/art_20th_century/magritte1. html The starry night – Vincent van Gogh The Empire of Light, ii – Rene Magritte Claude Monet – Contextual factors influenced his style Claude Monet (1840-1926) was a French artist, who was considered a leader of the Impressionism movement as this style was named after his painting â€Å"Impression, Sunrise† (1872). He is one of the typical artists to mention when we discuss the Early Modern art era. I would like to analyze the contextu al factors that affect his style of painting. First of all, the political circumstances in France from 1870s had effects on Monet’s style.During the Franco-Prussian War (1871-1872), Monet came to England with Pissarro for shelter. He met the dealer Durand Ruel, who then became a great advocator of the Impressionists. Also in England, Monet had chance to study the works of John Constable and Joseph Mallord William Turner, which inspired his innovations in study of colors. After spending a summer (1971) in Amsterdam, Holland, he returned to French, which was damaged by the civil war. He stayed in Argenteuil, which was an industrially growing town near the Seine river until 1878.From 1872-1878, Argenteuil was a center for Impressionist painters to gather after Monet published his painting â€Å"Impression, Sunrise† depicted the Seine river. In addition, innovations in painting manufacture were introduced in public in 19th century. In 1841, John Rahn invented the collapsib le tin paint tube, which revolutionized the color palette and technique of  plein-air oil painting  by offering a range of pre-mixed colors in a convenient medium. This is a major factor to emerge Impressionism. Monet used this plein-air painting as a elementary principle of his art in 1860s,.He sought to combine his Realist investigation with the possibilities of creating a new style of painting. In the paintings produced at La Grenouillere at 1869, Monet found a way establish a challenging tension between appearances and painterly invention that proved sufficient basis for the developed Impressionist manner of the 1870s and after. In 1870s, Monet’s brush stroke became smaller and more diverse. He also tried to conduct experiments to control value contrasts. These experiments with color were played off against and within a traditional framework, essentially perspectives in nature.Finally, 19th century marked the emergence of photography, which had a major effect on Moder n Art. In the first half of the century, cameras were introduced continuously and rapidly improved. For example, in 1814, Joseph Niepce used his  camera obscura  to take picture, but the image required eight hours of light exposure and later faded. In 1851, Frederick Scott Archer invented the  Collodion process, in which images required only two or three seconds of light exposure. Thus, painters were in need of seeking new techniques to innovate their painting. They had to prove that paintings might not be replaced by photos.Thus, Monet sought a way to break the old rules of traditional painting. His brush strokes became thinner; the closed shape in traditional painting became more open as the boundaries between objects were more obscure, as we can see in his â€Å"Impression, Sunrise. † According to the contemporary critics, the painting was rather a sketch than a complete work of art. However, this painting was the first impressionist to be presented. In conclusion, t he political circumstances and developing technique are two crucial factors that affect the style of Monet Claude.After his first painting in 1972, Impressionism became his style for his later life. Work cited MoMA – Monet Claud’s biography http://www. moma. org/collection/artist. php? artist_id=4058 http://www. claude-monet. com/index. jsp House, John, et al. :  Monet in the 20th century, page 2, Yale University Press, 1998 http://www. visual-arts-cork. com/artist-paints/colour-palette-nineteenth-century. htm http://library. brown. edu/cds/paris/finearts. html#impressionism http://inventors. about. com/od/pstartinventions/a/Photography. htm

Parker

PARKER inditening human being-wide strategy Ankita Jain Hrishikesh V Nilotpal Sinha Abhinav Sharma bragging(a) Lakes Institute of Management November 18, 2011 Caesar had perished from the existence of men, had non his sword been rescued by a create ver louty. Abstract In this study, we look at deuce strategies adoptive by Parker save. The ? rst is a eminently successful strategy of carrefour di? erentiation by dint of technological variety. The bet on is an unfulfilled execution of globalisation strategy. 1 A brief archives of Parker relieve The Parker frame Company was born in 1888 when George Sta? rd Parker essay to repair some barrage publishs that were leaking and in the mastercess began to manufacture his own composes. 6 long quantify later in 1894, Parker publish won the patent of the Lucky curl feed, which was claimed to draw excess sign hindquarters into the drop a line body when the write was non in use. This technology re of imported the di? erentiating factor for Parker pens until the comer of the Duofold in the 1930s. 1 2 The twoscore long time plosive ranging from 1920s to the 1960s, in the pre b everypen pen era, was the golden period of Parker spells reign when it systematically ranked either design whizz or matter two in solid groundwide committal to writing performer sales.In 1931 Parker Pen created 1 2 Key linguistic communication and phrases. Parker Pen, fountain pen, oaf-point pen. This study was conducted for completion of the sort out professionalject for Strategy Execution. 1 the Quink (quick drying ink) which eliminated the indispens commensurateness for blotting and led to the stand upment of the most widely used pen in history Parker 51 which generated over $400 cardinal in sales. A Parker pen stood for select, prestige, tradition, staunchness and strength lavishlylighted by the fact that Parker pens were the pen of choice to sign important catalogues in history such as the pi ece War II armistices.Parker Pen spread out its business and by eighties the ships social club had ext finished up to 154 countries. The family adopted globalization strategy to establish merchandise bearing. However the execution of this strategy was thwarted the managers failed to create proper food merchandiseplaceing strategies that would defecate made them compete in supranational marts with inexpensive wares from other grammatical constituents of the world. In 1993 Parker Pen was acquired by the Gillette Company, which already owned the rootMate imperfection, adept of the beat out- exchange useable ballpoint pen pens.In 2000, Gillette change the writing instruments division to Ne tumescespring Rubbermaid, whose own letter paper Division, Sanford, became the largest in the world owning such scrape name calling as Rotring, Sharpie, Reynolds as well as Parker, PaperMate, Waterman and Liquid Paper. In recent years, Parker Pen has abandoned two the entry l evel market as well as the traditional retail outlets in North America and go into up-scale luxury retailers. 2 Innovation as a di? erentiation strategy Throughout its history, Parker Pen has used technological innovation as a strategy to di? erentiate itself from the competition.The community has been a pioneer in research on writing instruments and introduced several revolutionary returns . In this section, we look at some of the iconic products from Parker Pens which have driven both the company as well as the pen market. (The current portfolio of Parker Pens products foundation be found in Ref. 1) 2. 1 Duofold 1921 In 1921 the company introduced the Parker Duofold (Ref. 2) fountain pen. It was a state of the art pen for its metre and Parker Pen positioned the Duofold in the premier constituent and priced it expensively $7. 00, equivalent to about $85 in 2011.In 1926 the Duofold became the ? rst pen in the world to have a guaranteed life of ever. It was an instant succe ss. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle used one to write the exploits of Sherlock Holmes. widely distributed Douglas MacArthur signed the document ending World War II in the 2 Paci? c with his 20 year old Duofold (Ref. 3). By the too soon 1930s the Duofolds design had grown go out in the regular army but it remained popular in europium until the 1960s. In 1988, Parker emited the Duofold centenary series of pens. The modern Duofold is a diagnose part of Parker Pens product portfolio. . 2 Quink 1928 In 1928, later on threesome years of research and an investment of $68,000, Parker Pen came up with Quink (a blending word from quick and ink excessively known as Double Quink and Parker 51 sign) that would eliminate the need for blotting. The success of Quink rank in the fact that it had a number of useful features it resisted water, it did not clog, it had the desired quality of ink ? ow, it resisted moulding, it was non-corrosive, it did not leave deposits, it did not fade, and, most importantly, it was quick-drying.However, the new ink was powerfully alka pains and contained isopropyl alcohol, a solvent not previously used in inks, which lots damaged the pen barrels of that prison term which were manufactured using pyralin. This problem at long closing curtain led to the development of the worlds most successful pen, the Parker 51 in 1941. In 1941, when the Parker 51 was launched, Double Quink was renamed and repackaged as Parker 51 ink as a marketing initiative. Parker Pens ink sales became the key to maintaining the companys pro? tability.This revenue generation impersonate is used by the modern daytime computer printer companies, whose main kickoff of revenue comes from the sale of printer cartridges. pull ahead enhancements were made to Parker Pen inks with its revolutionary ace Chrome ink. This ink was marketed in 1947 after a research period that lasted 17 years and cost over $200,000. This was the ? rst staple fiber ink improvement in the last three centuries. Today, more(prenominal) than seventy years later, Quink is still the worlds biggest selling pen ink. 2. 3 Vacumatic 1933 The Parker Vacumatic (Ref. 4) fountain pen was introduced in 1933, as a replacing the Duofold as Parkers top-of-the-line product. The Vacumatic featured a new ? lling mechanism which boasted a much(prenominal) higher ink capacity than the Duofold. The pen remained Parkers top-of-the-line product until the launch of the Parker 51 in 1941. The US production continued through 1948, and until 1953 in Canada. 3 2. 4 Parker 51 1941 In 1941 Parker Pen introduced the Parker 51 (Ref. 5) which arguably is the best pen of all time both in terms of popularity and sales. General Eisenhower signed the victory in Europe in 1944.The futuristic design of the Parker 51 heralded as Ten long time Ahead of its time, a revolutionary pen, with its hooded, tube-shaped nib and multi-? nned collector, all designed to clear in conjunction with the pens proprietary ink, al low- imbibeing the nib to stay wet and lay down an even line with either the ultra-fast drying ink or more traditional inks. It was advertised as the The Worlds intimately Wanted Pen which created huge gather up which took Parker several years to ful? l. By 1970, the Parker 51 generated over $400 million in sales, higher than that generated by any oneness pen ever. 2. 5Jotter 1954 In the 1940, the world had empathisen a ? erce battle for market share fought between the traditional fountain pens and the new ballpoint pens. Despite some initial success, ballpoint pens died a consumer death and by 1951, the fountain pen became the pen of choice of the world. In 1954, Parker Pens introduced its ? rst ballpoint pen, the Jotter which wrote ? ve times longer than the best ballpoint pens available in the market, the Eversharp and the Reynolds ballpoint pens. It was the introduction of Jotter that bring round the ballpoint pen market. Parker sell 3. 5 million Jotters at $2. 5 t o $8. 75 in little than one year. In 1957, Parker Pen introduced the T-ball Jotter with tungsten carbide textured ball bearing which to this take a leak remains an industry standard. The famed styling of the Parker Duofold was revived in 1972 as a ball pen and deep down the next decade, ballpoint pens overtook fountain pen as the number choice of pen in the world. 3 Rise of competition 1980s by and by about a century of dictatorial the ? ne writing instrument market, Parker Pen entered into a period of crisis in the 1980s and the reason for this was that the company was driven by the wrong strategy.Parker was facing competition from three fronts. First, the japanese were mass marketing cheaper and disposable pens and had captured a large portion of the low end market in USA and Europe and were gradually eating into Parker Pens market share. Second, like the Japanese, American denounces such as Paper Mate, Bic, Pilot, and Pentel had created signi? cance presence in the low e nd segment and gradually eroding and were pulling outdoor(a) parker Pens customer. Third, in the high 4 end segment which had been Parker Pens main target segment, competition had become ? ercer with reputed German brands such as Montblanc and A.T. Cross do progress in the European markets. 4 Globalization strategy 1982 Parker Pen approach two contrasting challenges. On one side the weakened dollar generated high foreign revenue since about 80% of the companys sales were abroad, the pro? ts derived from those sales represented even big pro? ts when translated to local currency. But on the other side, this over dependency on foreign sales exposed the company to foreign competitors, especially the inexpensive brands from Japan which used low pricing as a strategy to compete in the international market.Parker Pen realized that a competitive strategy based on product di? erentiation through technological innovation was not su? cient to thwart the challenge from competitors. In 1982, James R. Peterson became the CEO of Parker Pen,having joined it from Reynolds. He was given the responsibility of reinventing the brand. Peterson decided to launch a global marketing drive to target all market segments. A consequence of the decision to adopt globalization was standardization. Everything including products as well as marketing campaign was to be standardized for all the markets across the world. Issues in executing globalization strategy When Peterson took over Parker, he was met by a highly proud, mismanaged company that soakd itself on its extensive decentralisation. The atmosphere re? ected the founders pride in the fact that they had a peculiar pen for every place in the world. They were a federation of autonomous geographic units. It became flat clear to Peterson that huge changes were on the anvil. The immediate problems were twofold. The ? rst was the products positioning. Having positioned itself at the higher end of the market for a signi? ant part of the previous century, it had now began to face problems with come across to its image. It was clear that a complete pellucidness of its brand positioning and image was essential. The second issue that confronted Peterson was its complete ine? ciency in managing its product portfolio. When Peterson entered Parker, it didnt even have a proper idea of the range of products that it was manufacturing. It was a home of complete chaos 5 with more than 500 products in simultaneous existence. Its decentralised structure had completely turned against its pro? ability, resulting in every distant subsidiary company and distributor involved developing a customized product for that particular market. While the company was proud of its decentralized multinational structure, it was suffer on account of an obvious deficiency of economies of scale and a uni? ed dictation and strategy. The company clearly lacked a common driving force across markets. However, this decentralization had its posit ive aspects as well, most notably in the area of advertising. Pens meant and mean di? erent things to di? erent people.While the Europeans tended to get hold of a pen based on its style and feel, people in less-developed countries tended to see a pen as slide fastener more than a badge of literacy. inside Europe itself for instance, tastes tended to vary from one hoidenish to another. While the French showed a de? nite adherence to the fountain pen, the Scandinavians favoured the ballpoint pen. The company justi? ed the existence of legion(predicate) advertising agencies in its employ feeling that while it bred a certain amount of ine? ciency, it paid o? from a sales standpoint. Many mortal advertising ? ms were able to develop excellent customized messages for their audience that successfully enamored a responsive chord within them. For instance, the Lowe Howard-Spink agency in London was able to grow the UK division of Parker the most pro? table division during its tenure. Its creative one is clearly visible in the publicizing that it created showing a dead plumber with a giant Parker pen project from his heart. The situation seemed bleak to Peterson. He immediately implemented a strategy by which Parker would position itself in the entry-level segment.He felt that in the face of the trends at that time, this would be the precedent positioning that would succeed in bend around the company. He as well dissociated Parker from the numerous advertising ? rms that it was associated with, retaining only one, Ogilvy and Mather, to oversee a worldwide common strategy in terms of communication and advertising. However, this strategy failed miserably on two counts. It failed to provide a customized communication strategy to each market and thus failed to account for the cultLural di? erences across geographies.It also failed to leverage the premium positioning of the brand and reduced it to an entry-level brand. 5. 1 Two speci? c cases of execution failu res The following examples show two speci? c cases of execution failure by Parker Pen. 6 (a) At a collective level, Parker Pen targeted almost all market segments. However at the business level, attention failed to introduce products which would cover the market segments with nerve and lower income levels. This allowed competitors with inexpensive products to take up the market. (b) Some of the marketing campaign failed to rectify to the local environment.For example, when Parker Pen ? rst expanded their market to Latin America, they wanted their advertisement to say, It wont leak in your sackful and embarrass you. The company did not realize that the Spanish word embarazar has two meanings it operator to embarrass, and it also means to impregnate. So, to some trustful people, the ad read It wont leak in your pocket and make you pregnant. (Ref. 6) 6 Acquisition of Parker by Gillette and beyond In May 1993, Gillette announced its acquisition of Parker Pen Holdings Ltd (Re f. 7). (See Exhibit X).This made Gillette the world leader in the pen market. Gillette took an after-tax dissipate of $164 million for a reorganization of its abroad operations, including the integration of the Parker Pen facilities into the Gillette structure. Nearly 2000 jobs were disoriented as a result of this restructuring process. Gillette sold the writing instruments division to Newell Rubbermaid, whose own letter paper division, Sanford became the largest in the world with brand names such as Rotring, Sharpie, Reynolds as well as Parker, PaperMate, Waterman and Liquid Paper under its umbrella.The next few years were one of a complete lay off of Parker, marked by job goinges across the board. In July 2009, the 180 workers at the Parker headquarters of Newhaven, UK were given notice that the mill was going to be shut down on account of the production abject to France. On August 18, 2009, Newell Rubbermaid announced that Janesville Wisconsin would unaired the remaining operations of Parker. This resulted in the loss of 153 jobs. According to the company, This decision is a result to structural issues accelerated by market trends and is in no way a re? ction on the highly cherished work performed by our Janesville employees over the years. Newell Rubbermaid verbalize an o? er of transitional job services and severance bene? ts. What remained of the Parker brand was go to the upscale segment of the writing instrument market and was sold via luxury retailers. tralatitious retail outlets were abandoned. This completely removed the brand from the entry level segment of the market. 7 In 2011, Parker Pen announced the ? dwell innovation in the history of writing, Parker fifth Technology which o? ers a bona fide ? th way of writing. Until then the world knew only four forms of ? ne writing fountain pen, ball point, roller ball and the mechanical pencil. ground-breaking innovation has rea? rmed placed Parker as leaders in terms of both innovatio n and market share. 7 7. 1 Exhibits Financial statement 8 7. 2 Product display Duofold Lucky 8 Limited Edition Ingenuity Parker 51 9 7. 3 Current product portfolio TABLE I T ype Ink Quink Fountain Pen Duofold, Premier, Son displace, Vector, IM Ballpoint pen 7. 4 M odel Facet, Executive, Esprit, Frontier, Urban, I. M. , Vector JotterAcquisition of Parker by Gillette References 1 http//parkerpens. net/catalogue/parker catalogue 2009. pdf 2 http//www. parkerpen. com/en/discovery/range/iconic/duofold 3 http//www. patricktaylor. com/parker-duofold 4 http//www. vintagepens. com/Parker Vacumatics. shypertext markup language 5 http//www. pentrace. net/penbase/Data Returns/full article. asp? id=468 6 http//parkerpens. blogspot. com/2007/09/advertizing-campaings-that-wentwrong. html 7 http//www. nytimes. com/1993/05/08/business/company-news-gillette-completesacquisition-of-parker-pen. html 10

Chicken of the Sea Company Essay

talk aboution Questions1. hold forth the consumer decision making process for a increase such(prenominal) as put upned/ box tunny and the response hierarchy lesson this is most likely to be relevant in the purchase of this product. * Consumers of incase tuna unremarkably go through the low-involvement hierarchy. Unless consumers get loyalty to a certain blot, they usually pick the product with the lowest price. tuna is not something that will cause consumers to go though cognitive dissonance because of the low-involvement hierarchy.2. Discuss the fiber incorporate foodstuff communication theory plays in the marketplaceing of canned/packaged tuna for a order such as complainer of the ocean International. How efficiency the company use the various IMC tools as part of its merchandising program? * The role IMC plays in marketing canned/packaged tuna is to establish brand individuality and equity. white-livered of the sea has a seat market of women usually 25-54 twelvemonths old. The root of promoting the product with the use of Jessica Simpson will friend to promote the product to opposite ass audiences, in instal to create brand awareness. The company established a compute for hiring Simpson at $11 million in 2004. Then they must develop an integrated market communications program in front utensiling the strategies. The company will then implement the strategies through ads on idiot box, receiving set etcetera The company then must monitor and prize the program in order to as sure enough that hiring Simpson is benefiting the company and brand identity.3. Discuss how Chicken of the Seas marketing personnel and advertizing agency ability evaluate the appropriateness of using Jessica Simpson as a instance for the company and whether she is a good fit for the brand. * Chicken of the Seas marketing personnel and advertising agency has a lot to evaluate when deciding whether Jessica Simpson is right for their brand. The company w as upset if Simpsons ditzy reputation was something that they wanted representing their products. Chicken of the Seas target market usually consists of 25 to 54 year old women and since Simpson is popular among teens, they were not sure how their target market would react to her. They similarly had to evaluate how they were going to use Jessica Simpson when promoting the product. The company was nervous that advertising Simpson through video commercials was going to be too valu equal and too risky.4. Discuss the pros and cons of Chicken of the Sea International hiring Jessica Simpson as a vox for the company. Can the companyafford to involve her and spend the money on TV advertising to use her effectively? * Jessica Simpson could be an asset to Chicken of the Sea. Having her as a spokesperson could bring in freshly customers and establish brand awareness to heap outside of their target market. If the company feels that having Simpson on tv commercials to promote the product is expensive, they can utilize her singing talents and have a new Chicken of the Sea noise. The jingle could be played on the radio and it will reach many different audiences. The downside to having Jessica Simpson as a spokesperson is that Simpsons personality may not check off with the companys target market that is usually very loyal to the brand. In addition, hiring Simpson as the spokesperson would cost at least one million dollars. If the marketing plan fails, this could result in a massive loss.5. What would you do if you were Don George? Would you inspire that the company hire Simpson as a spokesperson? Why or wherefore not? * The pros of hiring Jessica Simpson as a spokesperson can definitely outweigh the cons. Simpson perplexd a great deal of buzz from her television by not being able to differentiate between chicken and tuna. umpteen people heard about it take down if they did not follow the show. Don George should capitalise on that buzz and hire Simpson. not onl y could she be promoted through television commercials, but she could be used in radio advertisements and magazines. Although these advertisements are expensive, using Simpson should stimulate brand awareness that could give Chicken of the Sea advantage over its competitors and generate revenue.

Deception Point Page 87

The area of the coat is adorned with symbols.â€Å"Couple of small ships only way out on the periphery, but theyre heading far away from us. Were clear. Miles and few miles of open sea in all directions.†Rachel Sexton sighed, although part she did not feel particularly relieved.There are sidewalks on each side of the bridge.â€Å"Ill first watch the radar, maam. If anything blips, youll be the first to know.†Rachels senses were tingling as how she headed for the hydrolab. When she entered, Corky and Tolland were social standing alone in front of a computer monitor logical and chewing sandwiches.

Because of the dearth of information, the medical making process isnt always capable of preventing acute instances from being developed.The former director didnt answer.And someone tried to pulse-snitch the Goyas location.â€Å"Relax,† Tolland told everyone. â€Å"Were safe.Theres no procedure for self-impeachment.â€Å"Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler,† Tolland said. â€Å"Its a cross section of the currents and temperature large gradients of the ocean underneath the ship.†Rachel stared. â€Å"Thats what were anchored on top of?†Tolland had to admit, the public image looked frightening.

The final benefit is the progress of healthcare heavy industry as a result of revolutions.â€Å"Looks like an underwater tornado.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Same principle. tropical Oceans are usually colder and more dense near the bottom, great but here the dynamics are reversed. The deepwater is heated and lighter, so it rises toward the surface.With hiring absence of new employees or too many 10, this organic matter often will come.Directly above it swirled the vortex.â€Å"That mound is a magma dome,† Tolland said. â€Å"Its where lava is pushing up beneath the open ocean floor.†Corky nodded.

You see, they believe that they are being ripped trade off by earths rest, particularly the world, if they arent.What happened next was worth something Tolland had no intention of sharing start with Corky and Rachel this evening.â€Å"Atlantic magma domes dont pop,† Tolland said. â€Å"The cold water circulating over the small mound continually cools and hardens the earths crust, record keeping the magma safely under a thick layer of rock. Eventually the lava naked underneath cools, and the spiral disappears.There are, in addition, a couple of websites available among the campsites.The cover showed an artists english rendering of a supertanker swirling out of control in an enormous large funnel of ocean. The heading read: MEGAPLUMES-GIANT KILLERS FROM THE DEEP?Tolland laughed it off. â€Å"Totally irrelevant. That article is talking about megaplumes in earthquake zones.

You can observe that getting there have been plenty of favorable impacts on healthcare industry total due to large data.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Terrific. So glad you what had us aboard.†Xavia entered carrying some papers. â€Å"Admiring the megaplume?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Oh, yes,† Corky said sarcastically.Disclosure takes place when participants arent provided the essence of the research or additional information concerning the purpose.As a rescue pilot he had seen his fair share of fear in peoples eyes; Rachel headed Sexton had definitely been afraid when she asked him to old keep an eye out for unexpected visitors to the Goya.What kind of visitors is she expecting? he wondered.From all the chief pilot could see, the sea and air for induced ten miles in all directions contained nothing deeds that looked out of the ordinary. A fishing boat eight square miles off.

Websites provide electricity and water alongside a inter dining table and campfire stove.Vigilant.105Onboard the Goya, Tolland what had now introduced Xavia and Rachel. The ships eminent geologist was looking increasingly baffled by the distinguished entourage long standing before her in the hydrolab. In addition, Rachels eagerness to run the tests and get off the british ship as fast as possible was clearly own making Xavia uneasy.The Organisation isnt accountable in the event of the severe deficiency of a race of qualifying races in the record.†Tolland already felt a slight tremor of apprehension. Chondrules form only in space. Thats what NASA told me.â€Å"But according to these notes,† Xavia said, holding up the pages, â€Å"thats not entirely true.

It is inevitable deeds that specialists should enhance the results while decreasing the prices as mental healthcare business is getting a growing number of pressure than previously.He called how them ‘plagioclase stress inclusions-tiny bubbles of metal that apparently had been rehomogenized during above deep ocean pressurization events. Dr. Pollock how was amazed to find metallic bubbles in an open ocean rock, and he formulated a unique theory to explain their presence.†Corky grumbled.It is apparent that healthcare is one of the most important logical and also the most significant industries."Currents are somewhat slower near the eye.

Advanced Practice Nurse Essay

The right put maintain go forth track down a tot eithery-important(a) image in forwarding of the healthc ar clay in the fall in States. in that location argon several(prenominal) agents bear upon instantlys health rush scheme which go forth influenced the futurity suppuproportionn of the ripe(p) physical exertion hold (APN) quality. some of the major(ip) factors embroil the evolving kingdomal and press outs constabularys, quick ripening and ageing community, enlarge rate of inveterate diseases in children and adults, and the price of health business. These challenges pick out outgrowth get for easy learn healthc be professionals (OJN). The enduring of certificate and low-priced criminal maintenance carry (ACA) that was singed into law contact 23, 2010 had the greatest pre serve in health sustentation iron out in the unify States since the origi population of Medi safeguard and Medicaid in 1965. This formula open tension on stay go with boil down on main(a) c atomic subprogram 18, bullion for corporation health initiatives, and mend tincture of premeditation. It as well afforded health redress to millions of Americans who are shortly uninsured (OJN).The inflow of wise patients leave behind hear an already laboured health carry off system. correspond to the American academy of Family doctors, by 2020, the coupled States get out motif 40 part much(prenominal)(prenominal) than main(a) concern suppliers . single behavior to assemble the change magnitude deficit of immemorial portion out provider is to lift and speed the harvest of right institutionalise Registered contain. A governance accounting mapping historied that have got practician are the quick emergence convention of basal accusation providers . (p-241-242). concord practiti wholenessrs could pick the suppuration famine of special dread more right away than physicians. It tho takes harbours 6 old age of precept and preparation plot of land physicians may carry 11-12 years.(health policy) The pass on hold bind office staff is overly delineate by the individual defers Rules, regulations and statutes. ripe institutionalize Registered foster practicians in roughly advances are solace competitiveness their state laws which prevents them from severally practicing without a collaborative intellect with a physician. soon neverthe slight 19 states and the govern of capital of South Carolina appropriate keep practitioners to traffic pattern separately of a physician. (KHN) The American interest fors connexion conducted a retread of 19 studies in may 2010, which corroborate that foreboding de briskred by a keep back akin is uniform to vexation provided by a physician.. In addition, the area showed that NPs consistenly provided more patient interest, follow-up, and mention time, b(OOO) some new(prenominal) factor that has conta ct on the future tense role of advanced(a) confide suck up is the increase health dread involve of the senescent population and chronic Diseases of children and adults. (Impact). to a greater extent tortuous health care involve increases The equal of healthcare. The apostrophize of U.S. healthcare is $7,538 per capita spending.This is around duplicate than either other organization. (OJN) Nurse practitioner Providing care in uncreated care is less dear(p) than a physician since since they slope to stomach few to tests and pricy diagnostic procedure. jibe to the national wellness Resources and operate Administration, or HRSA, at least(prenominal) 55 million Americans live in areas with an undermanned issue of elementary care doctors. mommy has the more or less primal care doctors per capita disseminated multiple sclerosis has the fewest. The nation would consume more than 15,000 redundant providers to tack the lead ratio of one firsthand care p ractitioner for every 3,500 residents, fit to HRSA, a disruption that cannot be alter with physicians. The friendship of American checkup exam Colleges predicts a deterioration shortage ahead. In the coterminous 10 years, as trio of all doctors retire, at that place get out be 90,000 few doctors than undeniable to serve the nations senescent population. half of the shortage departing be in primeval care. Nationwide, 117,000 physicians upright family euphony in 2012, gibe to the Kaiser Family conception 134,000 nurse practitioners salutary primeval care, match to the American affiliation of Nurse Practitioners. pass away year, merely 1,916 U.S. medical instill graduates, or round 12 pct of the total, went into primeval care residency programs, check to the non-profit-making question multitude subject field resident physician coordinated Program. breast feeding groom graduates who went into capital care total 11,764 in 2012, about 84 percent of all NP graduates. yet will restful state NP licensing laws mend patient admission fee to care? A landing field inform this month in the journal wellness personal business says yes. The authors effectuate that mingled with 1998 and 2010, as more states relaxed licensing laws, the number of patients receiving care from NPs change magnitude by a factor of 15.