Incarceration as the common solution to the rise in crimes Essay

In directlys society incarceration in a correctional facility is a normal penalisation for those who attain committed a crime. Earlier responses to crimes were brutal and often tried to relate the punishment to the crime itself. Prisons are not as old as some whitethorn think and be established beca aim of displeasure from extensive use of brutal corporal and capital punishment. The Pennsylvania and Auburn schemas were two of the earliest modern prison systems that highlighted the prospect for pris angiotensin converting enzymers to reform. Prison labor can play an important role in a countries economy and extra time can slide many monetary values.The history of punishment can be described in cardinal word, brutal. Early forms of punishment included torture, beatings, branding, mutilation, and expiry (Seiter, 2011). Most misdemeanor crimes were punished with fines but more right mutilateenses were punished with public shame, a period of time in the stocks, or a mark on a n individuals body to identify the offense (Lynch, 2011). Early forms of punishment attempted to relate the punishment to the crime such(prenominal) as liars had their tongues ripped out and thieves had a finger or hand cut off (Seiter, 2011). Some forms of punishment were not directly harmful such as exile from a corporation or tribe. This would ensure the individual does not repeat the offense but could also cause death because the individual could not survive in the wilderness alone (Seiter, 2011). In England, deportation was a common form of punishment and they would send their prisoners or criminal to their colonies.Prisons are not as old as some may believe. Many people were not satisfied with the response to criminal behavior and set up the criminal codes were inhumane. They found judges did not want to impose more severe punishments for fairly mild offenses. William Penn and the Quakers came up with a new criminal code to replace the old one that would abolish capital pun ishment for crimes other than homicide, provide free food and shelter to inmates, and replace the stocks with nominates of detention (Seiter, 2011). This code was afterwards repealed until the late 1700s when Dr. Benjamin Rush revived the Quaker code and established the first prison in the United States. Rush converted a wing of the Walnut Street jail to house offenders as an alternative to corporal punishment (Seiter, 2011). This early prison stressed hard work and repenting for their offenses. The inmates were unploughed in individual cells and could not speak so they could avoid moral contamination among the other prisoners (Seiter, 2011). Administrators would practice masks on inmates faces when being moved because they did not want other inmates to identify to each one other. Prisoners were also given work to do in their cells and encouraged to read the bible. Overall the prison implemented strict discipline, hard labor, and solidarity.The Pennsylvania system incorporated the Walnut street jails ideas and operations and encouraged lonely confinement, hard labor, and silence for the inmates. The Pennsylvania system was intended to have prisoners separate from each other even out when they were working so inmates would not be distracted and focused on their repentance. The Auburn prison system was first implemented in 1819 at the New York area prison in Auburn. It incorporates the Quaker principles of rehabilitation and considered a less pure model than the Pennsylvania system (Barnes, 1921). The Auburn system incorporated divergent methods such as inmates together side by side while working, eating and praying but they returned to solitary cells at night. The Auburn system introduced a tier system of different levels of cells built above one another. They housed inmates according to their offenses such as first time and repeat offenders (Barnes, 1921). Inmates wore uniforms of different colors which represented the mixed bag of their crimes.Pri son labor can be an important part of a countries economy and it can sustain reduce the cost of keeping inmates in prison. In the past, prison labor has been used as a punishment for those who are incarcerated and is meant to be physically draining. Recently, prison labor has adjusted to help save the cost of housing inmates. By making the inmates work in the prison it cuts the costs because the prison does not have to hire people to do the jobs such as cooking, cleaning, and manual labor. Over the past twenty years, state has passed laws allowing the use of convict labor for commercial enterprises (Whyte & Baker, 2000). Prisoners now are allowed to manufacture many things ranging from blue jeans to cable car parts. AT&T has even used prison labor for telemarketing services and in Oregon, prisoners do all the data entry and record keeping for the Secretary of States corporate division (Whyte & Baker, 2000).In todays society incarceration is a common form of punishment for those wh o have committed a crime but that has not always been the case. Those who have committed a crime were often beaten, branded, mangle or even put to death. Prisons are not as old as many may believe and come about because people did not believe in the corporal and capital punishments laid upon people. The Pennsylvania and Auburn systems both incorporated similar aspects but have many distinct features separating them such as their view on isolation. Prison labor has changed over the years and it can help cut costs.ReferencesBarnes, H. E. (1921). The Historical Origin of the Prison System in America. Journal of the American Institute of Criminal jurisprudence and Criminology, 12(1), 35-60. Retrieved May 8, 2015, from http//www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1133652?ref=no-x-routeed4b290f20ea7490acdfc081b09cdbd2Lynch, J. (2011). History.org The Colonial Williamsburg Foundations Official History and Citizenship Website. Retrieved from http//www.history.org/Foundation/journal/Summer11/prison .cfmSeiter, R. P. (2011). Corrections An introduction. Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Education.Whyte, A., & Baker, J. (2000, May 8). World Socialist Web Site. Retrieved from https//www.wsws.org/en/articles/2000/05/pris-m08.html